Things To Do
in Somalia

Somalia is a Horn of Africa country with a long Indian Ocean coastline, an ancient trading history and diverse landscapes ranging from desert plains to rugged highlands. Its culture is strongly shaped by Somali clan systems, Sunni Islam and centuries of commerce with Arabia and the Indian Ocean world. In recent decades the country has faced serious security, governance and humanitarian challenges, while parts of the territory (notably Somaliland and Puntland) have relative stability and distinct local administrations.

Visitors can find dramatic coastal scenery, important archaeological sites and warm hospitality, but travel requires careful planning and up-to-date security guidance.

Day Trips

Spend a day exploring around

day 1
Arrival in Mogadishu
morning
:

Touch down at Aden Adde International Airport as the city awakens under a warm sunrise. Meet your local guide and navigate bustling streets on the way to your beachfront hotel. Feel the gentle sea breeze and the scent of freshly brewed Somali coffee at a nearby café.

afternoon
:

Savor your first Somali meal featuring bariis iskukaris and spiced goat stew in a family-run restaurant. Stroll through the restored Bakara Market, admiring colorful spices, handwoven baskets, and artisans at work. Chat with friendly vendors eager to share stories of Mogadishu’s revival.

evening
:

Head to a rooftop terrace overlooking the harbor for sugarcane juice and fresh fruit. Watch the city lights sparkle on the Indian Ocean as local musicians play the oud. Unwind with a sunset walk along Liido Beach before retiring for the night.

day 2
Traditional markets of Hamarweyne
morning
:

Rise early and wander the winding alleys of Hamarweyne Market where merchants display vibrant fabrics and fragrant spices. Sample lucho, fresh Somali flatbread, paired with rich, cardamom-scented tea at a street stall. Observe the friendly bartering between locals as the market springs to life.

afternoon
:

Taste crispy sambusas, roasted sweet potatoes, and grilled corn as you explore hidden side streets. Negotiate for handcrafted jewelry, leather goods, and traditional prayer beads. Visit a small mosque to admire intricate geometric patterns and witness the midday prayers.

evening
:

As dusk falls, lantern-lit stalls cast a golden glow on carved wooden doorways. Join a communal dinner in a heritage courtyard featuring live oud music and traditional dance. Sip honey tea under string lights while sharing laughter with new Somali friends.

Cost Guide

Prices

ItemPrice
🍔Meal at inexpensive restaurant$3-8
Coffee or tea$0.50-2
🚕Short taxi ride (city)$1-5
🏨Mid-range hotel (per night)$50-150
🛵Motorbike taxi / short charter$1-10

Strengths and Weaknesses

  • Rich coastal scenery, ancient sites (Laas Geel) and unique cultural experiences.
  • Warm hospitality and strong traditions—opportunities to learn about pastoralist life and Somali cuisine.
  • Less-visited destinations for adventurous travelers who prepare carefully.
  • Serious security risks in much of the country (terrorism, kidnapping, piracy) and rapidly changing conditions.
  • Limited infrastructure outside major towns—healthcare, reliable transport and accommodation can be scarce.
  • Travel restrictions, documentation and the need for local clearance or security can complicate itineraries.
  • "Salaan / Asalaamu Caleykum" - Hello / Peace be upon you
  • "Mahadsanid" - Thank you
  • "Fadlan" - Please
  • "Imisa? / Immisa ayaa lagu iibiyaa?" - How much? / How much does this cost?
  • "Soo dhawoow" - Welcome
  • "Haa / Maya" - Yes / No

Places to Visit in Somalia

Visit one of these nice places.

Laas Geel (near Hargeisa)

A remarkable complex of prehistoric rock shelters with well-preserved cave paintings dating back thousands of years—dramatic early-morning or late-afternoon light; visits usually require a guide and prior arrangement.

Liido Beach (Mogadishu)

Wide sandy beach popular with locals, offering sunrise/sunset shots, fishermen at work and coastal life—security permitting, the waterfront yields strong visual narratives.

Hargeisa Markets and Urban Scenes

Colorful markets, frankincense stalls and everyday street life provide candid cultural photography—seek permission before photographing people.

Golis / Cal Madow Mountains

Dramatic highland scenery in northern Somalia/Somaliland with rugged peaks, endemic flora and sweeping vistas—best for landscape photography and sunrise shots.

Ancient coastal towns (Gondershe, Barawa)

Historic coral-stone architecture, narrow alleys and coastal views in older port towns—photographically rich but check local security and permissions.

Culinary Guide

Food in Somalia

Somali cuisine blends East African, Arabian and Indian Ocean influences: expect spiced rice dishes, grilled meats, fresh seafood along the coast, and hearty breads like laxoox or canjeero. Meals often center on rice (bariis), pasta (cunt), stews (maraq) and tea; flavors favor cumin, cardamom, cloves and coriander. Hospitality is important and sharing food is common; fresh produce and seafood can be excellent near coastal towns. Tap water quality varies—use bottled or boiled water and be cautious with street food unless prepared in hygienic conditions.

Somalia Famous Food

Signature dishes, delicacies and famous food

Bariis (Somali rice)

Fragrant spiced rice often cooked with vegetables and served with stew (maraq) or a spiced meat/seafood sauce; widely available in restaurants and homes.

Must-Try!

Canjeero / Laxoox

A fermented flatbread similar to injera, eaten at breakfast with honey, butter or savory stews; popular across the country and at roadside vendors.

Suqaar

A stir-fried cubed meat (beef, goat or camel) with vegetables and spices, commonly served with rice or bread; a typical home-style dish.

Grilled fish

Freshly caught and simply spiced grilled fish is a coastal specialty—try it in coastal towns like Bosaso, Kismayo or Mogadishu where seafood is freshest.

Muufo and Camel Milk

Muufo (a dense corn bread) paired with fresh camel milk is a traditional pastoralist staple in rural areas.

Food Markets

Explore local food markets

Bakara Market (Mogadishu)

One of the largest markets historically in Mogadishu (access depends on security); vendors sell spices, dried fish, produce and traditional goods—try local samosas, roasted corn and fresh fruit juices where hygiene appears good.

Hargeisa Market

Bustling market in Somaliland’s capital with fresh produce, frankincense, textiles and coffee; good place for street snacks like sambusas and canjeero.

Coastal fish markets (Bosaso, Kismayo)

Early-morning fish auctions and grills near the port—excellent for fresh seafood but visit with a local guide and judge safety and cleanliness before eating.

Climate Guide

Weather

Somalia has a predominantly hot, arid to semi-arid climate with high temperatures along the coast and somewhat milder conditions in the highlands. There are two main rainy seasons (Gu and Deyr) and two dry periods (Jilal and Xagaa). Coastal humidity can be high while inland and in southern regions temperatures remain hot year-round; higher-altitude areas in the north are cooler, especially at night.

How to Behave

Tips on cultural norms and respectful behavior

Dress and Modesty

Somalia is conservative and predominantly Muslim—dress modestly (cover shoulders and knees; women often wear hijab in public areas) to show respect and avoid attention.

Religious Customs

Avoid public displays of affection and be mindful during prayer times and the month of Ramadan; do not eat or drink publicly during fasting hours in predominantly Muslim areas.

Photography and Consent

Always ask permission before photographing people, especially women; some locations or individuals may refuse.

Hospitality and Social Rules

Accepting offered tea or food is polite; use the right hand for eating and greetings; showing respect to elders and community leaders is important. Avoid discussing sensitive political or clan matters unless you know your hosts well.

Gender Interactions

In many areas, interactions between unrelated men and women are governed by conservative norms—follow local cues regarding handshakes and physical contact.

Safety Guide

Safety

Many governments advise exercising extreme caution or advise against travel to much of Somalia due to terrorism, kidnapping, piracy and armed conflict; security situations can change rapidly. Somaliland and some parts of Puntland are comparatively stable but still require vigilance. If travel is essential: register with your embassy, hire vetted security and local guides, avoid travel at night, check current advisories, obtain permits where required and keep a low profile. Avoid demonstrations and known flashpoints, and follow instructions from local authorities and trusted contacts.

Tipping in Somalia

Ensure a smooth experience

Tipping Etiquette

Tipping is appreciated but not always expected; small tips for hotel staff, guides and drivers are common. In informal markets tipping is rare, but offering slightly more for extra service is polite.

Payment Methods

Cash is the primary payment method—Somali shilling circulates locally, but US dollars are widely accepted for larger transactions and in hotels. Mobile money services (e.g., Zaad/EVC-like platforms in some regions) are widely used in urban areas; ATMs are limited and unreliable outside major cities—carry sufficient cash and small bills.

Card Acceptance

Credit/debit card acceptance is limited to major hotels and some businesses in larger cities; always confirm before relying on cards.

Best Time to Visit

And what to expect in different seasons...

Gu (Main rainy season, April–June)

Warm temperatures with increased rainfall in much of the country; roads—especially unpaved ones—can become difficult or impassable; vegetation is greener and birdlife increases.

Xagaa (Hot dry season, July–September)

Very hot and dry across lowlands and coast, with coastal humidity; expect clear skies but intense daytime heat—plan activities for mornings/evenings and stay hydrated.

Deyr (Secondary rains, October–December)

A shorter rainy period that can bring localized flooding in low-lying areas and improved pasture for pastoral communities; travel can be affected in rural areas.

Jilal (Cool dry season, January–March)

Cooler mornings and dry conditions prevail; good time for overland travel in areas where security permits and for visiting highland regions.

Nightlife Guide

Somalia at Night

Nightlife in Somalia is subdued and varies by region: in large hotels and expatriate compounds there may be evening dinners, live acoustic music and private events, while public nightlife is limited by conservative norms and security considerations. In relatively stable cities (Hargeisa, Berbera, parts of Puntland) you can find cafes and family-friendly evening gatherings; in many areas it’s safest to restrict evening activities to secure hotel venues and organized events.

Hiking in Somalia

Immerse in an unforgettable hike.

Mount Shimbiris (Cal Madow range)

The highest peak in Somaliland, offering challenging hikes, dramatic views and unique flora; access requires local guides and planning with regional authorities.

Golis Mountains (northern highlands)

A series of ridges and valleys with scenic hiking routes, endemic plant life and considerable photographic potential—best approached with experienced local guides.

Ogo Plateau day hikes

Milder highland terrain near Hargeisa and surrounding areas good for shorter treks and cultural visits to pastoralist communities; bring water and sun protection.

Coastal cliff walks (near Berbera/Bosaso)

Coastal trails and cliffs with ocean views and seabird colonies—day hikes should be planned with local guides and attention to tides and weather.

Airports

How to reach Somalia by plane.

Aden Adde International Airport (Mogadishu, MGQ)

Somalia’s main international airport serving the capital; connections to some regional hubs exist—security and entry procedures can be strict, and travel to/from the airport is usually via organized transport.

Egal International Airport (Hargeisa, HGA)

Primary airport serving Hargeisa and Somaliland with flights to regional destinations (Djibouti, Ethiopia, some Gulf hubs); used by many visitors to Laas Geel and northern attractions.

Bosaso Airport (Bender Qassim International, BSA)

Airport in Puntland’s port city with domestic and some regional services; access to northeastern coastal areas and the Gulf of Aden.

Kismayo Airport (KMU)

Serves the port city of Kismayo in the south—useful for access to the Jubaland region when security permits; services are limited and often irregular.

Getting Around

Walkability

Walkability varies: city centers and market areas in Hargeisa, Berbera and parts of Mogadishu are walkable for short distances, but sidewalks and pedestrian infrastructure are often poor. Outside urban cores, distances, heat and security concerns limit walking; use trusted local guides and avoid walking alone after dark.

Demographics

Explore demographics in this area.

Somali clans (major groups)

The majority population is ethnically Somali, organized into clan families such as Hawiye, Darod, Isaaq, Dir and others—clan identity plays an important role in social and political life.

Somaliland communities and Isaaq clan

In the northwest (Somaliland), the Isaaq clan is prominent and the region has its own administration and relative stability compared with some other parts of Somalia.

Minority groups

There are minority communities including Bantu, Benadiri (coastal urban communities) and others with distinct cultural identities and histories.

Religion

The vast majority of the population is Sunni Muslim, and religious practice is central to daily life and social norms.

Popular Sports

Explore popular sports in region.

Football (Soccer)

The most popular sport nationwide, played in informal settings and organized leagues; local matches draw strong community interest.

Camel Racing

A traditional and culturally significant sport in northern regions and among pastoralist communities—events are festive and tied to social gatherings.

Athletics and Informal Games

Running and informal community sports are common, especially among youth in urban and rural areas.

Transportation

Traffic

Traffic conditions are highly variable: urban centers can be congested with a mix of cars, minibuses and motorbike taxis; road quality is poor outside main highways and driving standards can be unpredictable. Checkpoints and security roadblocks are common and can delay travel. Public transport is informal (shared taxis, minibuses) and schedules are unreliable—arrange reputable drivers or guided transport for longer trips.

Dietary Restrictions

Tips for restricted diets.

Vegetarian

Vegetarian options exist (lentil stews, vegetable rice, canjeero with honey) but many dishes center on meat; ask for vegetable versions or stick to rice, beans and salads—clear communication and patience help.

Vegan

Vegan choices are more limited but possible: vegetable stews, beans, rice and some breads; clarify use of ghee/butter in preparation.

Halal / Religious

Most food is prepared according to halal standards; pork and alcohol are uncommon due to Islamic practices, though expatriate venues may differ.

Food safety / Allergies

Carry translations for allergies/medical diet in Somali or Arabic, avoid raw produce unless peeled, drink bottled or boiled water, and be cautious with street food.

Health & Medical

Healthcare

Healthcare facilities are limited and uneven: major cities have private clinics and some hospitals with better capacity, but many services (specialist care, emergency surgery, advanced diagnostics) are limited or unavailable. Bring a supply of prescription medications, a well-stocked travel first-aid kit, and ensure comprehensive travel and medical evacuation insurance. Vaccinations (e.g., hepatitis A, typhoid) and malaria prophylaxis are recommended depending on itinerary—consult a travel health specialist before travel.

Accomodations

Find the best place to stay when visiting Somalia.