Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan is a country in Central Asia, bordered by Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, Iran, and the Caspian Sea. It is known for its vast deserts, including the Karakum Desert, and has a rich history with ancient cities like Merv, once a major center on the Silk Road.
The country is rich in natural gas reserves, and its neutral foreign policy stance, along with a distinctive cultural heritage marked by Turkmen carpets and equestrian traditions, sets it apart in the region.
Key Phrases
Speak like a local
- "Salam" - Hello
- "Rahmet" - Thank you
- "Sag bol" - Goodbye
Day plans
Spend a day exploring around
Exploring Ashgabat
morning:Start your day with a visit to the Independence Park to admire the impressive monument and take in the panoramic view of the city. Head to a local bakery to try traditional Turkmen pastries for breakfast. Don't miss the opportunity to visit the National Museum to learn about Turkmenistan's rich history and culture.
afternoon:Enjoy a relaxing stroll through Ashgabat's beautiful Geokdepe Park and take in the scenic surroundings. Grab lunch at a charming local eatery to savor authentic Turkmen cuisine. Explore the intriguing Nissa Fortress, a UNESCO World Heritage Site with fascinating historical significance.
evening:For a delightful evening, head to the picturesque Tolkuchka Bazaar to browse through a variety of local crafts and souvenirs. Conclude the day with a visit to one of the vibrant local teahouses for a taste of traditional Turkmen hospitality and live music. 🌆
Darvaza Gas Crater Excursion
morning:Embark on a thrilling desert adventure with a trip to the iconic Darvaza Gas Crater, also known as the 'Door to Hell'. Witness the mesmerizing sight of the fiery crater and learn about the fascinating natural phenomenon. Enjoy a hearty breakfast at a nearby desert camp with stunning panoramic views.
afternoon:Continue the desert exploration with a visit to the nearby Erbent Village to interact with the local Turkmen community and gain insight into their traditional way of life. Indulge in a delicious lunch featuring grilled lamb and fresh bread prepared by hospitable locals.
evening:As the sun sets, gather around the Darvaza Gas Crater to witness the surreal spectacle of the flaming crater illuminating the night sky. Experience a mesmerizing evening under the stars in the heart of the Karakum Desert. 🔥
Historical & Cultural Treasures
morning:Begin the day with a visit to the Ancient City of Merv, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, to explore the remnants of this ancient Silk Road city. Enjoy a delightful breakfast at a local café and savor the flavors of freshly brewed Turkmen tea. Delve into the historical significance of the area at the Merv Museum.
afternoon:Immerse yourself in the heritage of Turkmenistan by visiting the Sultan Sanjar Mausoleum, a stunning architectural marvel adorned with intricate designs and motifs. Relish a traditional Turkmen lunch at a charming local restaurant, offering a variety of indigenous dishes.
evening:Conclude the day with a visit to the Gonur Depe archaeological site, an ancient treasure trove housing remnants of the Bronze Age civilization. Experience a serene evening as you wander through the ancient ruins amidst the golden glow of the sunset. 🏛️
Nature & Wildlife Expedition
morning:Embark on a nature-filled adventure with a visit to Kugitang Nature Reserve, home to diverse flora and fauna. Explore the surreal landscape of the Gyaur Kala Canyon and marvel at the natural rock formations. Stop by a local café for a freshly brewed Turkmen coffee and breakfast.
afternoon:Venture into the depths of the Koytendag Mountains to discover the breathtakingly beautiful Kakaya Cave and discover the diverse ecosystem within. Enjoy a sumptuous lunch featuring local delicacies and fresh fruits at a cozy mountain lodge with panoramic views.
evening:As the day draws to a close, take a leisurely walk through the picturesque woodland trails surrounding the Kow-Ata Underground Lake. Experience the tranquility of the natural surroundings and marvel at the enchanting twilight. Venture to a nearby traditional yurt camp for an authentic Turkmen dinner and immersive cultural experience. 🌄
Turkmenistan's Famous Food
Delicacies in Turkmenistan you must try!
Palaw
A traditional Turkmen rice dish usually served with lamb, carrots, and other vegetables.
Must-Try!
Köne
Flatbread that is a staple of Turkmen cuisine, often enjoyed with tea or served alongside main dishes.
Tandyr Kabob
Skewered and grilled meat, often lamb or beef, cooked in a traditional clay oven called a tandyr.
Attractions in Turkmenistan
Nice places to capture memories
Darvaza Gas Crater
Also known as the 'Door to Hell', this natural gas crater is a must-see attraction for its mesmerizing flames and unique photo opportunities.
Kow Ata Underground Lake
This underground lake within a cave offers a surreal and picturesque setting for photography, known for its stunning turquoise waters.
Seasonal Advice
Best times to visit and what to expect in different seasons
Spring (April to June)
Best time to visit with mild temperatures and blooming flowers. Ideal for outdoor activities and exploring the desert.
Autumn (September to November)
Another good time to visit with cooler temperatures and clear skies. Perfect for sightseeing and cultural experiences.
Summer (July to August)
Hot temperatures with occasional dust storms. Limited outdoor activities but great for experiencing Turkmen culture and festivals.
Winter (December to February)
Cold temperatures and occasional snow. Not ideal for outdoor activities, but offers unique experiences like winter markets and local traditions.
Outdoor Activities in Turkmenistan
Fun outdoor pursuits
Hiking in Kugitang Nature Reserve
Explore the diverse landscapes and see ancient rock formations, caves, and unique plant species.
Visiting Yangykala Canyons
Marvel at the stunning multicolored canyons and unique geological formations.
Camping at Karakala Desert
Experience the tranquility of the desert and enjoy stargazing in the clear night skies.
Exploring the Avaza National Tourist Zone
Relax on beautiful beaches, engage in water sports, and enjoy the modern amenities of this tourism complex.
Birdwatching at the Krasnovodsk State Nature Reserve
Observe a wide variety of bird species in their natural habitat.
Tipping & Payment
Ensure a smooth experience
Tipping
Tipping is not a common practice in Turkmenistan, and it is not expected in restaurants, hotels, or for other services.
Payment
In Turkmenistan, cash is the primary form of payment, and credit card usage may be limited especially outside of major cities. It is advisable to carry sufficient cash for transactions.
Local Etiquette
Tips on cultural norms and respectful behavior
Greeting customs
In Turkmenistan, it is customary to greet with a handshake or a slight bow, especially when meeting someone for the first time. It is also polite to address people using their titles and to use formal language when speaking to elders or people in authority.
Respect for elders
Respect for elders is highly valued in Turkmen culture. It is important to show deference and courtesy towards older individuals, and to listen attentively when they speak. It is also customary to offer your seat to an elder on public transportation.
Gift-giving customs
Gift-giving is a common practice in Turkmenistan and is a way to show appreciation and respect. When presenting a gift, it is important to use both hands, and gifts are typically opened in private to avoid causing the recipient any discomfort.
Safety
Safety in Turkmenistan is generally considered to be good, with low levels of violent crime reported. The country has a reputation for being stable and secure, although visitors are advised to take standard precautions. Petty crime, such as pickpocketing, can occur, particularly in crowded areas or during major events. Travelers should also be aware that the government maintains strict control over many aspects of daily life, and there are limitations on freedom of expression and assembly. It's important to respect local laws and customs, as there can be significant consequences for violations. Additionally, road conditions can vary, and driving can be hazardous due to poorly maintained infrastructure and a lack of traffic regulation enforcement. Foreigners are advised to exercise caution while traveling, particularly in rural areas. Communication and interactions with authorities should be approached with care, as local law enforcement can be strict regarding regulations. Overall, while the environment is relatively safe, an awareness of the cultural and legal landscape is essential for a trouble-free experience.
Nightlife in Turkmenistan
The nightlife scene in Turkmenistan is relatively low-key compared to many other countries. The capital city, Ashgabat, offers the most options, with a handful of upscale bars, restaurants, and nightclubs catering mainly to a mix of locals and expatriates. These venues often feature live music or DJ sets, although the overall atmosphere tends to be more relaxed and understated. Social gatherings in Turkmenistan are often centered around traditional tea houses, known as chai-khanas, where people gather to drink tea, eat snacks, and engage in conversation. These establishments serve as important community hubs and are a key part of the local social fabric. Public events, such as concerts, theater performances, and cultural festivals, also contribute to the evening entertainment options. However, such events are less frequent and are usually well-publicized in advance. Alcohol consumption is generally more subdued and controlled due to cultural norms and regulations, so nightlife activities that do involve drinking tend to be discreet and private. While the nightlife in Turkmenistan is not as vibrant or diverse as in some other regions, it offers unique experiences influenced by the country's rich cultural heritage and traditions.
Costs of Living
The cost of living in this central Asian country is relatively low compared to many Western countries. Here are some typical prices for various goods and services: Housing: - Rent for a one-bedroom apartment in the city center: $250 to $450 per month - Rent for a one-bedroom apartment outside the city center: $150 to $300 per month Utilities: - Basic utilities (electricity, heating, cooling, water, garbage) for an 85m2 apartment: $50 to $100 per month - Internet (60 Mbps or more): $20 to $30 per month Food: - Meal at an inexpensive restaurant: $5 to $10 - Meal for two at a mid-range restaurant: $20 to $40 - Domestic beer (0.5 liter): $1 to $2 - Regular cappuccino: $2 to $4 - Milk (1 liter): $1 to $1.50 - Bread (500g): $0.30 to $0.50 - Eggs (12): $1 to $2 - Chicken fillets (1 kg): $3 to $5 - Apples (1 kg): $1 to $3 Transportation: - Public transportation ticket: $0.20 to $0.50 - Taxi start fare: $0.50 to $1 - Taxi per kilometer: $0.20 to $0.50 Healthcare: - Doctor's visit: $5 to $20 - Basic health insurance: $10 to $30 per month Education: - International school fees: $300 to $1,000 per month (varies significantly based on the institution) Overall, the cost of living is manageable for many expatriates and locals, though it can vary depending on lifestyle and location within the country.
Pet sitters in Turkmenistan
Relax and unwind while your furry friend enjoys making a new companion!