Things To Do
in Āksum

Āksum is an ancient city in northern Ethiopia known for its impressive obelisks, ruins, and archaeological sites dating back to the Aksumite Kingdom. It was once a powerful trading empire and one of the four great powers of the ancient world. The city is also famous for its unique stelae, such as the towering obelisk of King Ezana, which symbolizes the wealth and power of the Aksumite civilization.

Today, Āksum is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a popular destination for history enthusiasts and tourists.

  • "Selam" - Hello
  • "Tenastelen" - Good morning
  • "Amesegenallo" - Thank you
  • "Dehna neh" - How are you?
  • "Bemin shalem" - Goodbye

Prices

  • 🏠 Accommodation (per night): $10 - $50
  • 🍽️ Meal at a Restaurant: $5 - $20
  • Coffee: $1 - $3
  • 🚌 Public transport ticket (single journey): $0.50 - $1.50
  • 🛒 Grocery shopping (per week): $15 - $40
  • 🏋️‍♂️ Gym Membership: $10 - $30

Day Trips

Spend a day exploring around

day 1
Explore ksum's Ancient Ruins
morning
:

Visit the iconic Obelisks of Āksum to admire their impressive architecture. Take time to capture photographs as the morning light casts shadows on these ancient structures.

afternoon
:

Head to the Church of St. Mary of Zion, which is believed to house the Ark of the Covenant. Enjoy lunch at a nearby restaurant with traditional Ethiopian cuisine.

evening
:

Stroll through the local markets to soak in the evening atmosphere. Sample some local snacks and enjoy the vibrant culture before resting for the night.

day 2
Historical Wonders of ksum
morning
:

Start your day at the Aksum Museum to learn about the rich history of this remarkable city. Take in the artifacts and exhibits that tell the story of ancient civilizations.

afternoon
:

Visit the ruins of the Palace of the Queen of Sheba, exploring the remnants of this legendary figure. Enjoy a leisurely lunch at a nearby café to recharge.

evening
:

After dinner, take a guided moonlit walk through the ancient sites. Reflect on the day's experiences while enjoying the serene nighttime ambiance.

Strengths and Weaknesses

  • Rich historical significance as the center of the ancient Axumite Empire.
  • Home to UNESCO World Heritage sites, including the famous obelisks and the Church of St. Mary of Zion.
  • Diverse cultural heritage with a mix of indigenous and historical influences.
  • Strategic location for trade, with access to both the Red Sea and interior Africa.
  • Tourism potential due to historical sites and unique Ethiopian culture.
  • Limited infrastructure and services compared to more developed regions.
  • Challenges related to political stability and ethnic tensions in the broader region.
  • Environmental issues such as deforestation and soil erosion affecting the area.
  • Access to modern amenities and healthcare may be lacking for residents.
  • Economic challenges with high levels of poverty and unemployment among the local population.

Best Activities in Āksum

Outdoor fun you shouldn't miss!

Visit the ancient ruins of Aksum

Explore the archaeological sites and ancient stelae of Aksum, a UNESCO World Heritage site with a rich history dating back to the 1st century AD.

Hiking in the Simien Mountains National Park

Embark on a trekking adventure in the stunning Simien Mountains, home to unique wildlife, dramatic landscapes, and breathtaking views.

Explore the Church of St. Mary of Zion

Discover the renowned church, believed to house the original Ark of the Covenant, and immerse yourself in religious and cultural heritage.

Visit the obelisks and royal tombs

Witness the impressive obelisks and royal tombs that reflect the ancient glory and significance of Aksum as the capital of the Aksumite Empire.

Cultural tours and excursions

Engage in cultural tours, interact with local communities, and experience the traditional music, dance, and crafts of the region.

Tours

Uncover the best of Āksum with these unforgettable tours.

Places to Visit in Āksum

Visit one of these nice places.

St. Mary of Zion

A historic and religious site with beautiful views of the surrounding area.

Obelisk of Āksum

An ancient obelisk offering stunning photo opportunities and historical significance.

Dungur Palace

An archaeological site with impressive views and photo opportunities of the palace ruins.

Food in Āksum

Āksum, Ethiopia offers a rich and diverse culinary experience influenced by its cultural heritage and local ingredients. The cuisine in Āksum is characterized by a variety of flavorful stews, spicy sauces, and unique breads, reflecting the country's long history and cultural diversity.

Āksum Famous Food

Signature dishes, delicacies and famous food

Injera with Doro Wat

Injera, a sourdough flatbread, served with Doro Wat, a spicy Ethiopian stew made with chicken, onions, and berbere spice mix. This dish is a must-try for visitors to Āksum and can be found at traditional Ethiopian restaurants like Lalibela Restaurant.

Must-Try!

Kitfo

A traditional Ethiopian dish consisting of minced raw beef, marinated in spices and served with a variety of injera and traditional side dishes. Kitfo can be savored at Yordanos Kitfo House, a popular eatery in Āksum.

Unique Experiences

Get to know Āksum better with these unique experiences.

Food Markets

Explore local food markets

Āksum Central Market

The bustling Āksum Central Market is the perfect spot to explore traditional Ethiopian street food such as Tibs (grilled meat), Shiro (spiced chickpea stew), and Ful (fava bean stew). Visitors can immerse themselves in the vibrant local culture while sampling a range of authentic dishes.

Weather

The climate in this region is characterized as a highland tropical climate with distinct wet and dry seasons. Temperatures generally remain moderate throughout the year, influenced by the altitude, which is approximately 2,000 meters (about 6,600 feet) above sea level. During the dry season, which typically lasts from October to May, temperatures can reach a maximum of around 25 to 30 degrees Celsius (77 to 86 degrees Fahrenheit) during the day, while nighttime temperatures can drop significantly. The wet season usually occurs from June to September, bringing increased rainfall and cooler temperatures, with average highs around 20 to 25 degrees Celsius (68 to 77 degrees Fahrenheit). Rainfall is concentrated during the main rainy season, particularly from June to August, with a secondary rain period in April and May. This climate supports a variety of agriculture, including the cultivation of cereals and other crops. The combination of altitude, temperature range, and seasonal rainfall creates a unique ecological environment that influences both the local agriculture and the lifestyle of the inhabitants.

How to Behave

Tips on cultural norms and respectful behavior

Greetings

In Āksum, it is customary to greet people with a handshake and a warm smile. It is important to show respect to elders by greeting them first and using respectful language.

Dress Code

When visiting Āksum, it is important to dress modestly, particularly when visiting religious sites. Women should cover their shoulders and knees, and both men and women should avoid wearing revealing clothing.

Respect for Religious Sites

Āksum is home to important religious sites, and it is important to show respect when visiting them. Visitors should remove their shoes before entering a church or mosque and adhere to any dress code requirements.

Hidden Gems

Discover the hidden gems of Āksum with these exclusive activities.

Safety

In general, safety in the region of Āksum can vary based on several factors, including political stability, social conditions, and the presence of natural landmarks. Āksum is a historical city known for its archaeological significance and ancient obelisks, attracting tourists and researchers alike. Visitors are generally advised to remain aware of their surroundings and take common safety precautions, such as avoiding displaying valuables and being cautious when traveling at night. It is also beneficial to stay informed about local news and developments, as situations can change rapidly due to regional tensions. Additionally, travelers should consider consulting travel advisories from their respective governments, which can provide updated information about safety conditions and any travel restrictions in the area. Engaging with local guides can enhance both safety and cultural appreciation while exploring the rich heritage of the region.

Tipping in Āksum

Ensure a smooth experience

Tipping

In Āksum, Ethiopia, tipping is not a common practice. It is not expected or required to tip at restaurants, hotels, or for other services.

Payment

Cash is the primary form of payment in Āksum, Ethiopia. Credit cards may not be widely accepted, so it's important to have cash on hand for transactions. Some larger hotels and businesses in urban areas may accept credit cards, but it's always best to have cash as a backup.

Best Time to Visit

And what to expect in different seasons...

Dry season (October to February)

Best time to visit Āksum, cool and dry weather, perfect for sightseeing and exploring the historical sites.

Rainy season (June to September)

Expect heavy rainfall, lush green landscapes, and fewer crowds, suitable for those interested in photography and observing the natural beauty of the region.

In-between seasons (March to May)

Warmer temperatures, occasional showers, and blooming vegetation, good for experiencing the local culture and traditions.

Āksum at Night

The nightlife in Āksum is a unique blend of ancient history and modern entertainment. As the sun sets, the town's atmosphere transforms, offering visitors and locals a chance to unwind and enjoy the evening. Cafés and small restaurants begin to fill with people, serving traditional Ethiopian dishes and beverages like tej (honey wine) and locally brewed beer. The aroma of fresh coffee being roasted and brewed wafts through the air, enticing those who seek a more laid-back evening. Music plays a central role in Āksum's nightlife. Traditional Ethiopian music can be heard emanating from various venues, where locals and tourists alike gather to enjoy performances. Live music events often feature traditional instruments such as the krar (lyre) and masenqo (single-stringed fiddle), providing an authentic cultural experience. For those interested in a more energetic scene, there are a few modern bars and clubs. These venues offer a mix of contemporary Ethiopian music and international hits, creating a lively and vibrant atmosphere. Dancing is a popular activity, and it’s common to see people showcasing traditional dance moves. Despite its historical significance, Āksum maintains a relaxed and friendly atmosphere after dark. The town's close-knit community often means that visitors receive warm welcomes and are invited to join in local festivities. Evening strolls through the town reveal beautifully illuminated ancient sites, adding a mystical charm to the night. Visitors might take the opportunity to quietly reflect at notable landmarks, like the towering obelisks or the historic St. Mary of Zion Church, which stand as silent guardians over the city. Throughout the night, street vendors continue to sell snacks and small souvenirs, allowing visitors to savor local flavors or pick up mementos of their time in this historically rich town. Whether you're looking for cultural engagement, musical enjoyment, or simply a peaceful evening under the Ethiopian sky, Āksum's nightlife has something to offer.

Hiking in Āksum

Immerse in an unforgettable hike.

Debre Damo

A historic monastery located on a plateau, accessible only by climbing a steep cliff. It offers challenging hiking trails with stunning views of the surrounding landscape.

Simien Mountains National Park

A UNESCO World Heritage site featuring rugged landscapes and endemic wildlife. The park offers various hiking trails suitable for different skill levels, with breathtaking views and diverse flora.

Mekele to Tigray Rock-Hewn Churches

A stunning hiking route that takes you through the mountainous terrain of Tigray, leading to several ancient rock-hewn churches, blending history and nature.

Gheralta Mountains

This area features dramatic rock formations and offers a range of hiking opportunities, including trails that lead to historic monasteries and stunning high-altitude views.

Lalibela Trail

Though a bit distant, this trail connects ancient Lalibela, famous for its rock-hewn churches, with rural landscapes that are perfect for hiking and exploring the local culture.

Aiports

How to reach Āksum by plane.

Addis Ababa Bole International Airport (ADD)

The main international airport in Ethiopia, located in the capital city, Addis Ababa. It serves as a major hub for international flights and connections.

Asmera International Airport (ASM)

Located in Asmara, Eritrea, this is one of the closest international airports to Āksum. It serves flights from various international destinations.

Khartoum International Airport (KRT)

Situated in Khartoum, Sudan, this airport offers international flights and is a significant airport in the region.

Jeddah King Abdulaziz International Airport (JED)

Located in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, this international airport caters to numerous international routes and is one of the busiest airports in the Middle East.

Walkability

This ancient city, known for its remarkable archaeological sites and monuments, features a mix of urban and historical landscapes. The walkability in this area is characterized by several factors: 1. **Compact Layout**: The city's layout allows for easy navigation on foot, with many important sites situated close to each other. Visitors can comfortably explore attractions like the towering obelisks and the Church of St. Mary of Zion. 2. **Street Conditions**: The streets can vary, with some being paved and others less maintained. Many pathways may be unpaved or consist of cobblestones, which can influence the ease of walking, particularly during and after rain. 3. **Cultural Sites Accessibility**: Key historical and cultural sites are generally accessible by foot, promoting pedestrian exploration. Local markets and community areas also encourage walking among residents and tourists alike. 4. **Limited Vehicle Traffic**: In certain areas, pedestrian traffic is more prominent than vehicle traffic, making walking a safer and more pleasant option for visitors and locals. 5. **Natural Terrain**: The city's elevation and surrounding landscape may present challenges, with hilly areas requiring more physical effort to traverse on foot. Overall, while walkability has its benefits in terms of accessibility to historical sites, it also comes with some challenges related to the condition of the streets and the terrain.

Demographics

Explore demographics in this area.

Amhara

The Amhara people are one of the largest ethnic groups in Ethiopia, predominantly residing in the northern and central highlands, including the region surrounding Āksum.

Tigray

The Tigray ethnic group is native to the Tigray Region of Ethiopia, known for its historical significance and cultural heritage, particularly in the city of Āksum.

Oromo

The Oromo people are one of the largest ethnic groups in Ethiopia, with a significant presence in various regions, including areas surrounding Āksum.

Saho

The Saho people are primarily found in the north-eastern parts of Ethiopia and are part of the ethnic mosaic of the region surrounding Āksum.

Afar

The Afar people inhabit the northeastern region of Ethiopia, and while primarily associated with the Afar Region, some members may also be found in areas around Āksum.

Popular Sports

Explore popular sports in region.

Football (Soccer)

Football is the most popular sport in Aksum and throughout Ethiopia. The local community participates in both playing and watching football matches.

Athletics

Ethiopia is renowned for its long-distance runners, and athletics is highly regarded in Aksum, with many young athletes training and competing in local and national events.

Basketball

Basketball has gained popularity in recent years, with local courts and teams emerging, attracting youth participation in Aksum.

Volleyball

Volleyball is another sport enjoyed by many in Aksum, often played in schools and community gatherings.

Traditional Games

Local traditional games that reflect the culture of the region are still played, especially during community festivals and events.

Traffic

The traffic in this ancient city is generally characterized by a mix of pedestrians, bicycles, and motor vehicles, reflecting both its historical significance and its developing infrastructure. The streets can often be narrow and winding, which is typical for towns that have preserved their historical layout. During busy times, traffic congestion can occur, particularly near popular tourist attractions, markets, and local businesses. Vehicles range from small cars and trucks to larger buses, and the presence of tuk-tuks adds to the local transportation dynamics. Drivers often navigate through crowds, and interactions between pedestrians and vehicles are common, requiring caution from both sides. Despite the presence of some traffic regulations, local customs tend to dictate how traffic flows, and drivers may exhibit leniency in adhering to standard road rules. Overall, the atmosphere is vibrant, with the occasional livestock or vendor creating a lively scene as people go about their daily activities. The blend of ancient heritage and modern life is palpable, making traffic an integral part of the unique experience in the city.

Accomodations

Find the best place to stay when visiting Āksum.

Dietary Restrictions

Tips for restricted diets.

Vegetarian and Vegan Options

Visitors with vegetarian or vegan dietary preferences will find Āksum accommodating, with many restaurants offering a selection of plant-based dishes such as lentil stews, vegetable curries, and salads. Sunshine Café and Queen of Sheba Restaurant are excellent choices for vegetarians and vegans.

Gluten-Free Options

While injera is a staple of Ethiopian cuisine, Āksum's dining establishments recognize the importance of catering to gluten-free diets. Dishes like Doro Wat, Tibs, and salads can be enjoyed without gluten-containing ingredients, and some restaurants may offer gluten-free bread or alternative grain options upon request.

Healthcare

Healthcare in this ancient city is characterized by a blend of traditional practices and modern medical services. The region has seen significant efforts to improve health infrastructure, especially in recent years, as the government and various NGOs work to enhance access to healthcare for its citizens. Access to healthcare facilities can vary, with larger centers offering more comprehensive services, including maternal and child health care, immunization programs, and treatment for common diseases. Rural areas may face challenges in accessing these services, leading to a reliance on traditional healers and herbal medicine. Public health initiatives focus on addressing prevalent issues such as infectious diseases, maternal health, and nutrition. Efforts are made to educate the community about preventive healthcare measures and healthy lifestyle choices, aiming to reduce the burden of disease. Overall, while progress has been made, challenges remain, including resource limitations, the need for more trained healthcare professionals, and the ongoing efforts to integrate traditional healthcare practices with modern medical approaches. The commitment to improving healthcare infrastructure continues, with a focus on sustainable development and better health outcomes for the population.

Discover Ethiopia

Read more in our Ethiopia 2024 Travel Guide.

Ethiopia Travel Guide