Things To Do
in Erbil

Erbil, also known as Hawler, is the capital of the Kurdistan Region in Iraq, perched at the foothills of the Zagros mountains and rich with millennia of history. Its ancient Citadel watches over a lively old town where traditional bazaars coexist with modern cafés and shopping centers. The city blends Kurdish hospitality with evolving urban development, offering a gateway to northern Mesopotamian landscapes.

Visitors are drawn by its warm people, cultural depth, and proximity to dramatic mountain scenery.

Day Trips

Spend a day exploring around

day 1
Exploring Historic Center
morning
:

Start your day with a delicious traditional breakfast at a local café, enjoying freshly baked bread and aromatic tea. After breakfast, head to the Citadel of Erbil, one of the oldest continually inhabited places in the world, where you can stroll through its ancient pathways. Immerse yourself in the history and culture as you explore the small museums and galleries nestled within the citadel walls.

afternoon
:

In the afternoon, venture to the bustling Qaysari Bazaar, where you can shop for local handicrafts, spices, and traditional Kurdish clothing. Take a break at one of the many tea houses, sipping on aromatic Kurdish tea while soaking in the vibrant atmosphere. As you wander through the market, engage with local vendors and learn about their crafts and culture.

evening
:

As the sun sets, head to the nearby Sami Abdulrahman Park for a leisurely stroll or a picnic dinner. The park is beautifully landscaped, offering a serene escape from the city hustle, and is popular among locals. Finish your evening by enjoying a traditional Kurdish music performance at a local venue, immersing yourself in the rich cultural heritage.

day 2
Kurdish Cuisine Tasting
morning
:

Begin your culinary adventure with a visit to a local market to see fresh ingredients and traditional spices that define Kurdish cuisine. Participate in a cooking class where a local chef teaches you how to prepare popular dishes like dolma and kebab. Enjoy the fruits of your labor as you have lunch with your fellow cooking enthusiasts.

afternoon
:

After lunch, explore the various regional specialties by visiting different restaurants known for their unique takes on traditional dishes. Sample dishes like biryani and pashka, and don't forget to try the rich Kurdish yogurt. Engage with the restaurant owners to learn about the stories behind their recipes and dining traditions.

evening
:

For dinner, dine at a renowned restaurant that specializes in authentic Kurdish cuisine, where you can savor a multi-course meal. The atmosphere is lively, often accompanied by traditional music and dance performances. Wrap up the evening by enjoying a sweet treat like baklava or kunafa, paired with a cup of strong Arabic coffee.

Cost Guide

Prices

ItemPrice
🍔Meal at inexpensive restaurant$5-10
Coffee or tea$1-3
🚕Taxi ride (short distance)$3-6
🏨Budget hotel per night$25-60
🧭Local product groceries$4-12

Strengths and Weaknesses

  • Rich history and welcoming hospitality
  • Gateway to the Zagros mountains and Kurdistan region
  • Safety advisories can limit travel in some areas
  • Infrastructure varies outside major cities
  • "Slav" - Hello
  • "Spas" - Thank you
  • "Chawa yî?" - How are you?

Places to Visit in Erbil

Visit one of these nice places.

Erbil Citadel

A UNESCO-listed ancient mound with panoramic views over the old town, ideal for sunrise or golden hour photography.

Sami Abdulrahman Park Lookout

Green space with views over the city and surrounding hills; good for sunset photography.

Qaysari Bazaar Alleys

Colorful market lanes with textiles, spices, and daily life scenes.

Ainkawa District Streets

Vibrant neighborhood with churches, cafés, and street life that offer candid photography opportunities.

Culinary Guide

Food in Erbil

Erbil’s cuisine reflects Kurdish, Mesopotamian, and Levantine influences with generous use of herbs, lamb, and flatbreads; expect hearty, flavorful meals and generous hospitality.

Erbil Famous Food

Signature dishes, delicacies and famous food

Kurdish Kebabs

Skewered, grilled meat served with flatbread, grilled vegetables, and sumac onions.

Must-Try!

Dolma

Stuffed grape leaves or vegetables (peppers, zucchini) with rice, herbs, and sometimes meat.

Quzi

Slow-roasted lamb served with rice or bulgur and a rich gravy.

Ash-Rezha or Ash-E Sholeh

A hearty soup/stew with legumes, herbs, and fried dough pieces.

Food Markets

Explore local food markets

Erbil Old Bazaar

Historic market offering spices, dried fruit, nuts, herbs, grilled snacks, and regional specialties.

Climate Guide

Weather

Erbil has a semi-arid climate with hot summers, mild springs and autumns, and cool winters with occasional rain; temperatures range from below freezing in winter to 45-50°C in peak summer.

How to Behave

Tips on cultural norms and respectful behavior

Dress Code

Dress modestly, especially in religious sites and more conservative areas; shoulders and knees should be covered for women.

Greetings

A handshake is common; acquaintances may greet with a gentle kiss on the cheek among friends.

Safety Guide

Safety

General safety: exercise caution in crowded areas, follow local news, respect security checkpoints, and avoid demonstrations; travel with a local guide if possible and stay informed about regional advisories.

Tipping in Erbil

Ensure a smooth experience

Tipping Etiquette

Tipping in restaurants is common but not always expected; 5-10% is typical in nicer places.

Payment Methods

Cash is widely accepted; many places also accept card payments, especially in larger hotels and modern cafes.

Best Time to Visit

And what to expect in different seasons...

Summer

Very hot, long days; plan outdoor activities for early morning or late afternoon and stay hydrated; many indoor venues are air-conditioned.

Nightlife Guide

Erbil at Night

Erbil’s nightlife is more low-key and café-centric, with many cafés and restaurants in Ainkawa and the city center; you’ll find live music at some venues and late-night kebabs are common. Alcohol is available in some venues but not everywhere; expect a mix of quiet bars and lively diners.

Hiking in Erbil

Immerse in an unforgettable hike.

Gali Ali Beg Waterfall Trail

A popular day hike to a waterfall in the Zagros foothills near Dohuk, suitable for a full-day trip.

Airports

How to reach Erbil by plane.

Erbil International Airport (EBL)

Main international airport serving Erbil, about 7-15 km from the city center; taxis or airport shuttles are common.

Sulaymaniyah International Airport

Nearby major airport in the Kurdistan Region, offering international connections and domestic flights; a common option for regional travel.

Getting Around

Walkability

Erbil’s old town within the citadel walls is walkable with narrow lanes; newer areas are well-connected by roads but traffic can slow walking in busy streets. Use taxis or ride-hailing where available.

Demographics

Explore demographics in this area.

Kurds

The majority ethnic group in Erbil and the Kurdistan Region; language and culture reflect Kurdish identity.

Arabs and other minorities

A smaller presence in the city, contributing to a diverse cultural mix.

Popular Sports

Explore popular sports in region.

Football (soccer)

The most popular sport across the region with local and club teams drawing crowds.

Basketball

Commonly played in schools and clubs; community leagues exist.

Transportation

Traffic

Traffic can be heavy during peak hours; roads can be congested; taxis and private cars are common; some areas have limited public transit; plan extra time for travel.

Accomodations

Find the best place to stay when visiting Erbil.

Dietary Restrictions

Tips for restricted diets.

Vegetarian

Many Kurdish dishes feature vegetables and legumes; request meat-free options and avoid stock or broths with meat. Look for lentil soup, bean stews, or vegetable dolma.

Health & Medical

Healthcare

Healthcare is available in Erbil with public and private hospitals; private clinics and international-standard facilities exist, but standards vary; carry insurance and keep emergency numbers handy.

Discover Iraq

Read more in our Iraq 2025 Travel Guide.

Iraq Travel Guide