Mongolia
Mongolia is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south, known for its vast, rugged expanses and nomadic culture. Its capital, Ulaanbaatar, is the cultural, economic, and political heart of the country, housing a significant portion of Mongolia's population.
Mongolia's landscape is diverse, featuring the Gobi Desert to the south and cold, mountainous regions to the north and west, making it a destination for adventurers and those interested in its rich history, including the era of the Mongol Empire under Genghis Khan.
Places to visit
Key Phrases
Speak like a local
- "Сайн байна уу" - Hello
- "Баярлалаа" - Thank you
- "Та баг шиг л" - Excuse me
Day plans
Spend a day exploring around
Exploring Ulaanbaatar
morning:Start your day with a visit to the Gandantegchinlen Monastery, one of the most important Buddhist monasteries in Mongolia. Afterward, head to the Green Zone restaurant for a delightful breakfast.
afternoon:Stroll through the stunning Sukhbaatar Square, and visit the National History Museum to learn about the rich history and culture of Mongolia. For lunch, try the traditional Mongolian dishes at Modern Nomads.
evening:Experience the vibrant nightlife at the Irish Pub in Ulaanbaatar while enjoying live music and a great selection of drinks.
Nomadic Lifestyle
morning:Embark on a guided tour to a nearby nomadic family's ger (traditional dwelling) and learn about their everyday life. Enjoy a cup of refreshing Mongolian milk tea and homemade dairy products.
afternoon:Explore the beautiful surrounding countryside on horseback and take in the breathtaking landscapes. Stop by the local market to shop for authentic souvenirs and handcrafted items.
evening:Relax by a cozy bonfire and savor a traditional Mongolian barbecue under the starry sky with the nomadic family.
Gobi Desert Expedition
morning:Embark on an exhilarating journey to the Gobi Desert and witness the stunning Flaming Cliffs. Pause for breakfast at the renowned Nomad's Dream café along the way.
afternoon:Discover the hidden treasures of the Yol Valley, and take a scenic hike through the dramatic canyon. Enjoy a picnic amidst the picturesque landscape.
evening:Experience a mesmerizing desert sunset from the top of the Khongor Sand Dunes, and savor a traditional dinner at a local ger camp.
Khuvsgul Lake Adventure
morning:Embark on a serene boat tour on the crystal-clear waters of Khuvsgul Lake and take in the breathtaking views of the surrounding mountains. Indulge in a delicious breakfast at a lakeside cafe.
afternoon:Hike along the scenic trails surrounding the lake and discover the lush green forests and diverse wildlife. Enjoy a delightful picnic in the idyllic setting.
evening:Experience the tranquil evening ambiance by the lake and savor a delectable dinner at a local restaurant offering panoramic views of the majestic lake and mountains.
Mongolia's Famous Food
Delicacies in Mongolia you must try!
Buuz
Buuz are traditional Mongolian steamed dumplings filled with minced meat, onions, and spices. They are commonly enjoyed during Tsagaan Sar (Lunar New Year) festivities and can be found in many local restaurants and at food stalls in Ulaanbaatar.
Must-Try!
Khorkhog
Khorkhog is a flavorful dish made with mutton, vegetables, and hot stones, cooked in a specialized cooking container. It's a must-try for those seeking an authentic Mongolian dining experience and is often served at traditional nomadic camps or specialty restaurants.
Tsuiwan
Tsuiwan, or Mongolian noodle soup, is a popular comfort food made with hand-pulled noodles, meat, and assorted vegetables. You can find variations of this dish in local cafes and small eateries across the country.
Aaruul
Aaruul is a traditional Mongolian dried curd snack made from fermented dairy products, such as cheese or yogurt. It's widely available in markets, grocery stores, and as a common accompaniment during nomadic travel.
Attractions in Mongolia
Nice places to capture memories
Gorkhi-Terelj National Park
Offers stunning views of rugged landscapes, granite rock formations, and lush valleys, perfect for photography.
Khustai National Park
Known for its population of wild horses (Przewalski's horses) and beautiful open steppes, providing excellent photo opportunities.
Gobi Desert
Features vast desert scenery, sand dunes, and unique geological formations, ideal for capturing the beauty of Mongolia's arid landscapes.
Orkhon Valley
Showcases diverse natural landscapes including grassy steppes, mountains, and the Orkhon River, creating picturesque views for photography enthusiasts.
Seasonal Advice
Best times to visit and what to expect in different seasons
Spring (April to June)
Best time to visit Mongolia due to pleasant weather, blooming wildflowers, and baby animals. Nomadic festivals and horse racing events also take place during this time.
Summer (July to August)
Warm temperatures and ideal for trekking, camping, and exploring the Gobi Desert. Naadam Festival, featuring traditional Mongolian sports, takes place in July.
Autumn (September to October)
Golden landscapes and cool weather, perfect for hiking and birdwatching. The eagle hunting festival is a highlight during this time.
Winter (November to March)
Extreme cold with temperatures dropping below freezing. Winter festivals, ice skating, and the chance to experience the nomadic way of life during the harsh winter months.
Outdoor Activities in Mongolia
Fun outdoor pursuits
Horseback Riding
Explore the vast Mongolian steppes on horseback and experience the traditional nomadic way of life.
Camel Trekking
Embark on a camel trek across the Gobi Desert and enjoy its unique landscapes and wilderness.
Trekking and Hiking
Discover Mongolia's mountains, national parks, and remote regions by trekking and hiking.
Fishing
Enjoy fishing in Mongolia's rivers and lakes, known for their pristine and untouched beauty.
Tipping & Payment
Ensure a smooth experience
Tipping
Tipping is not a common practice in Mongolia, and it is not expected in most situations. However, in some upscale restaurants and hotels, a service charge may be included in the bill.
Payment
In Mongolia, cash is the most commonly used form of payment, especially in rural areas. Credit and debit cards are accepted in some businesses in major cities but may not be widely accepted in more remote areas. It's always advisable to carry cash when traveling in Mongolia.
Local Etiquette
Tips on cultural norms and respectful behavior
Greeting
In Mongolia, it is customary to greet people with a handshake or a slight bow. It is important to address people using their title and last name, followed by the word 'baatar' for men and 'egch' for women.
Respect for elders
Showing respect for elders is an important cultural norm in Mongolia. It is customary to address older individuals with deference and to seek their guidance and advice.
Hospitality
Hospitality is highly valued in Mongolian culture. When invited to someone's home, it is respectful to bring a small gift and to express gratitude for the hospitality shown.
Things to do in Mongolia
Unique local experiences...
Safety
Safety in Mongolia can vary depending on the region and the situation. In general, it is considered a relatively safe country for travelers and residents, with low levels of violent crime. Petty crime, such as pickpocketing and theft, can occur, especially in urban areas like Ulaanbaatar, so it is advisable to remain vigilant and secure personal belongings. The vast rural areas offer unique safety considerations, such as harsh weather conditions that can pose risks, especially during winter months. Travelers should be equipped to handle remote travel, including knowledge of navigation and emergency protocols. Traffic can be a concern, as road conditions can be poor in some areas, and driving behaviors may not adhere to the same standards found in more developed countries. Engaging with local culture and customs is also important for safety, as understanding social norms can prevent misunderstandings. Overall, while there are safety concerns like in any country, with proper precautions and awareness, one can have a safe experience in Mongolia. Always consult local guidance and keep informed of any changes in the safety landscape when planning a visit or stay.
Nightlife in Mongolia
Nightlife in Mongolia offers a unique blend of traditional and modern experiences, reflecting the country's rich cultural heritage and contemporary influences. In Ulaanbaatar, the capital city, the nightlife scene is particularly vibrant. Bars, clubs, and live music venues are plentiful, catering to a wide range of tastes. One can start an evening with a visit to a local bar where Mongolian beers and fermented mare's milk, a traditional drink known as airag, are popular choices. For those interested in live music, several venues feature performances by both local artists and international acts, spanning genres from rock and jazz to traditional Mongolian throat singing. Clubs in Ulaanbaatar often feature DJs playing a mix of electronic, pop, and hip-hop music, providing energetic atmospheres for dancing that can last into the early morning hours. These establishments often have modern interiors and high-quality sound systems, rivaling those found in bigger metropolitan cities. For a more cultural experience, night markets and street food stalls offer an excellent opportunity to sample Mongolian cuisine and buy handmade crafts. Engaging with the local community in these settings provides a deeper insight into daily life and traditions. Outside of Ulaanbaatar, nightlife tends to be quieter and more laid-back. In smaller towns and rural areas, evening activities often revolve around family gatherings, local festivities, and the occasional small bar or informal café. Overall, nightlife in Mongolia is a testament to the country's ability to blend the old with the new, offering a diverse array of activities that can satisfy both the culturally curious and those looking to enjoy a lively night out.
Costs of Living
The cost of living can vary significantly depending on the city and lifestyle choices. Generally, prices in urban areas like Ulaanbaatar are higher compared to rural areas. 1. Housing: - Rent for a one-bedroom apartment in the city center: $350 - $600 per month - Rent for a one-bedroom apartment outside the city center: $200 - $400 per month - Utilities (electricity, heating, cooling, water, garbage) for an apartment: $50 - $100 per month 2. Food: - Basic groceries for one person per month: $150 - $250 - Meal at a mid-range restaurant: $10 - $25 - Fast food meal: $5 - $8 - Local beer (0.5 liter): $1 - $2 - Milk (1 liter): $1 - $1.50 - Bread (500g): $0.50 - $1 3. Transportation: - Public transportation ticket (bus or trolleybus): $0.30 - $0.50 - Monthly public transportation pass: $10 - $15 - Taxi starting fare: $1 - $2 - Taxi per kilometer: $0.30 - $0.50 4. Healthcare: - General practitioner visit: $10 - $30 - Dentist check-up: $20 - $50 5. Education: - International school tuition (per year): $5,000 - $10,000 6. Miscellaneous: - Fitness club membership: $30 - $50 per month - Cinema ticket: $4 - $8 Overall, while basic costs can be relatively low compared to many Western countries, prices can vary widely based on location and individual lifestyle choices.
Pet sitters in Mongolia
Relax and unwind while your furry friend enjoys making a new companion!