Things To Do
in Moscow

Use formal greetings and last names with titles when meeting people in business or older generations; a firm handshake and direct eye contact are common.

Sites related to war, Soviet history and national leaders are treated with solemnity; be respectful and follow signage and rules at memorials and cemeteries.

Public displays of affection are generally acceptable in modern areas but can be frowned upon in conservative settings. Speaking loudly on public transport is discouraged.

Bring a small gift (flowers, sweets) when invited to someone's home; remove shoes at the door if hosts ask and accept offers of food or drink as a polite gesture.

Tipping is appreciated but not compulsory. In restaurants 10% is typical if service is good; many places add a service charge, so check your bill. Taxi drivers often expect small change or rounding up; porters and hotel staff can be given modest tips for help.

Credit and debit cards are widely accepted in the city center, but carry cash (rubles) for markets, small cafes and some taxis. Contactless payments and mobile wallets are common in newer establishments. ATMs are plentiful, but use bank ATMs to avoid high fees.

Warm and long daylight hours (June–August) make city walks, river cruises, and park activities ideal. Expect festivals, outdoor terraces and higher tourist numbers; pack light layers, sunscreen and insect repellent for parks.

September–November brings cool, crisp air and colorful foliage in parks; rain increases later in the season so bring a waterproof jacket and comfortable walking shoes.

December–February can be very cold with snow and short daylight hours; streets and landmarks take on a picturesque snowy look. Dress warmly in thermal layers, a down coat, hat, gloves and waterproof boots; public transport is efficient but beware of icy sidewalks.

March–May sees thawing and gradually warming temperatures, but early spring can be muddy and wet. Layers are essential; by late spring parks and gardens begin to bloom and outdoor terraces reopen.

One of Moscow's main international hubs located north of the city; connected to the city center by Aeroexpress train and highway taxis (travel time ~35–60 minutes depending on traffic).

Major airport to the south of Moscow, served by many international and domestic carriers; accessible via Aeroexpress and road transport (travel time ~45–90 minutes).

Western airport handling both domestic and international flights; linked by Aeroexpress and buses to the city with variable journey times depending on traffic.

Smaller international airport to the southeast, used by some scheduled and charter services; further from the center and typically accessed by road transport.

The majority population, with a cultural presence across civic life, institutions and neighborhoods.

Significant communities from Central Asia, the Caucasus and other former Soviet republics contribute to cultural diversity, particularly visible in cuisine and small businesses.

A growing urban demographic in tech, creative industries and universities, shaping nightlife, cafes and coworking scenes.

International residents concentrated in diplomatic districts and business hubs, supporting multicultural services and international schools.

Major restaurants and cafes usually offer vegetarian options, but traditional menus are meat-heavy; larger chains and modern eateries have clear vegetarian dishes. Carry a translation card for 'I do not eat meat' in Russian to avoid confusion.

Vegan options are increasingly available in central Moscow, especially in hip neighborhoods and dedicated vegan cafes, but always check broths/hidden dairy in soups and sauces.

Look for Caucasian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern restaurants for halal-friendly meat; ask staff or seek certification if needed. Moscow's large Muslim community means halal options are common, especially in specific districts.

When in doubt, use a printed note in Russian specifying allergens (nuts, dairy, gluten) — staff at higher-end places will usually accommodate, but small vendors may lack awareness.