Things To Do
in Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan is the world's largest landlocked country, situated in Central Asia, bordered by Russia, China, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan, with a significant portion of its territory also lying in Europe. It boasts a diverse landscape that includes steppes, mountains, and deserts, with sites of historical and natural significance such as the ancient city of Turkestan and the pristine Altai Mountains.

Kazakhstan has a rich cultural heritage, blending nomadic traditions with modern influences, and has been experiencing steady economic growth, largely due to its vast reserves of oil and other minerals.

  • "Salemetsiz be?" - How are you?
  • "Rakhmet" - Thank you
  • "Keshiriniz" - Excuse me/Sorry
  • "" - Yes
  • "Jok" - No

Prices

  • 🏠 Accommodation (per night): $15 - $60
  • 🍽️ Meal at a Restaurant: $5 - $20
  • Coffee: $1 - $3
  • 🚌 Public transport ticket (single journey): $0.25 - $1
  • 🛒 Grocery shopping (per week): $20 - $50
  • 🏋️‍♂️ Gym Membership: $20 - $50

Day Trips

Spend a day exploring around

day 1
Explore Almaty
morning
:

Start your day at the iconic Medeo Skating Rink and enjoy the stunning mountain views. Follow it up with a visit to the nearby Shymbulak Ski Resort if you're adventurous.

afternoon
:

Head to Panfilov Park to see the Zenkov Cathedral, one of the tallest wooden buildings in the world. Have lunch at a local café and immerse yourself in Almaty's vibrant atmosphere.

evening
:

Stroll through the bustling Green Bazaar for a unique culinary experience. End your day with dinner at a traditional Kazakh restaurant.

day 2
Discover Astana
morning
:

Begin your day at the Bayterek Tower, where you can enjoy panoramic views of the city. Then, visit the Nur-Astana Mosque, one of the largest mosques in Kazakhstan.

afternoon
:

Explore the Palace of Peace and Reconciliation, known for its pyramid structure. Enjoy a leisurely lunch at a nearby café with a view of the Ishim River.

evening
:

Visit the Ak Orda Presidential Palace for a photo opportunity. Wind down with dinner at a local restaurant that offers traditional Kazakh dishes.

Strengths and Weaknesses

  • Rich natural resources, including oil, gas, and minerals.
  • Strategic location as a bridge between Europe and Asia.
  • Growing economy with significant foreign investment opportunities.
  • Diverse cultural heritage with a mix of traditions.
  • Promising education system with a focus on modernization.
  • Political instability and limited political freedoms.
  • Corruption remains a challenge in various sectors.
  • Economic reliance on energy exports, making it vulnerable to global market fluctuations.
  • Environmental issues, particularly related to industrial pollution and land degradation.
  • Underdeveloped infrastructure in rural areas.

Best Activities in Kazakhstan

Outdoor fun you shouldn't miss!

Hiking in the Tien Shan Mountains

Explore the beautiful landscapes and diverse wildlife of the Tien Shan Mountains through various levels of trails.

Camping in Charyn Canyon

Experience the breathtaking scenery of Charyn Canyon while camping and enjoying the peaceful nature around.

Fishing in Lake Balkhash

Enjoy a tranquil fishing experience in one of the largest lakes in Kazakhstan, known for its abundant fish population.

Horseback riding in Aksu-Zhabagly Nature Reserve

Discover the stunning natural beauty and diverse flora and fauna of Aksu-Zhabagly Nature Reserve while horseback riding.

Tours

Uncover the best of Kazakhstan with these unforgettable tours.

Places to Visit in Kazakhstan

Visit one of these nice places.

Charyn Canyon

Known for its unique rock formations and colorful gorges, offering stunning views and photo opportunities.

Big Almaty Lake

A beautiful mountain lake located in the Trans-Ili Alatau mountains, providing a picturesque setting for photography.

Medeu Skating Rink

Offers panoramic views of the surrounding mountains and cityscape, especially stunning during sunset.

Kaindy Lake

Famous for its submerged forest, creating a surreal and photogenic landscape.

Food in Kazakhstan

Kazakh cuisine is a delightful fusion of flavors influenced by its nomadic heritage and the region's agricultural abundance. The cuisine reflects a rich tapestry of flavors with a mix of meats, dairy products, and grains, resulting in hearty and flavorful dishes.

Kazakhstan Famous Food

Signature dishes, delicacies and famous food

Beshbarmak

A traditional dish featuring boiled meat (commonly lamb or beef) served on a bed of flat noodles. It's often seasoned with onions and is a staple in Kazakh cuisine. Best enjoyed at local eateries in Almaty or Nur-Sultan.

Must-Try!

Plov

A fragrant rice dish cooked with carrots, onions, and meats such as lamb or beef, seasoned with cumin and other spices. The dish is widely available throughout Kazakhstan, including restaurants and food markets.

Shashlik

Marinated and skewered meat, commonly lamb, chicken, or beef, grilled to perfection. This popular street food can be found at many outdoor markets and local eateries across the country.

Unique Experiences

Get to know Kazakhstan better with these unique experiences.

Food Markets

Explore local food markets

Green Bazaar

One of the most famous food markets in Almaty, offering a vibrant array of spices, fresh produce, and local delicacies including fresh bread, dried fruits, and a variety of nuts.

Zelenyy Bazaar

Situated in the heart of Nur-Sultan, this bustling market is a food lover's paradise, featuring stalls selling traditional Kazakh snacks, street food, and an assortment of dried fruits and nuts.

Baurzhan Momyshuly Park

This park in Almaty comes alive with food vendors offering traditional Kazakh street food such as samsa (baked pastries filled with meat and onions) and baursak (fried dough balls).

Weather

The climate in this Central Asian country is characterized as continental, which means it experiences significant seasonal variations in temperature and precipitation. Winters are harsh and can be bitterly cold, with temperatures often dropping below -30°C (-22°F) in northern regions. In contrast, summers can be extremely hot, especially in the southern areas, reaching temperatures above 40°C (104°F). Precipitation is generally low and unevenly distributed, with most of it falling in the spring and early summer. The northern areas tend to receive more rainfall compared to the arid southern regions, which are dominated by deserts and semi-desert landscapes. The country's varied topography, including mountains in the east and steppes in the west, contributes to local climate variations. In summary, the climate is marked by its extremes, with cold winters, hot summers, and limited but variable precipitation throughout the year.

How to Behave

Tips on cultural norms and respectful behavior

Respect for elders

In Kazakhstan, it is important to show respect towards elders and individuals in positions of authority. This can be demonstrated through polite language, attentive listening, and deference to their opinions and decisions.

Hospitality

Kazakh people are known for their hospitality and generosity. It is customary to offer guests food, tea, or other refreshments as a sign of hospitality. Visitors are expected to show appreciation and respect for the host's generosity.

Understanding cultural customs

It is important to be aware of and respectful towards Kazakh cultural customs and traditions, such as removing shoes before entering someone's home, addressing people with their proper titles, and being mindful of religious practices and taboos.

Hidden Gems

Discover the hidden gems of Kazakhstan with these exclusive activities.

Safety

In recent years, the safety situation in Kazakhstan has generally been stable, with the country experiencing relatively low levels of violent crime compared to many other nations. However, like any country, it has its own set of challenges and concerns. Petty crime, such as pickpocketing and theft, can occur, particularly in urban areas and tourist destinations. It's advisable for visitors and residents alike to remain vigilant and take common-sense precautions, such as securing valuables and avoiding poorly lit areas at night. Civil unrest has occasionally occurred, especially in response to economic factors or political issues. These events can lead to demonstrations, which may escalate to violence. Travelers are urged to stay informed about local news and avoid areas where protests are taking place. Traffic safety can be an issue, with road conditions varying significantly across the country. Drivers are encouraged to be cautious, as driving standards may not always meet those seen in Western countries. Healthcare in Kazakhstan is developing, and while urban centers have adequate medical facilities, rural areas may lack access to advanced healthcare services. It's recommended for travelers to have appropriate travel insurance that covers medical emergencies. Overall, while Kazakhstan provides a generally safe environment for both residents and visitors, it's essential to stay informed about local conditions and exercise standard safety precautions.

Tipping in Kazakhstan

Ensure a smooth experience

Tipping

Tipping is not a customary practice in Kazakhstan. In most cases, a service charge is already included in the bill at restaurants and hotels. However, if exceptional service is provided, a small tip of 5-10% may be given as a token of appreciation.

Payment

Cash is widely used for daily transactions in Kazakhstan, especially in rural areas. However, credit and debit cards are accepted in larger cities and at major establishments. It's advisable to carry cash in the local currency, Tenge, for smaller purchases and in case of limited card acceptance.

Top Things To Do

Engage in these activities to dive deeper into Kazakhstan.

Best Time to Visit

And what to expect in different seasons...

Spring (April - June)

Best time to visit Kazakhstan with pleasant weather, blooming landscapes, and nature awakening from winter

Summer (July - September)

Ideal time for outdoor activities, with warm weather, long daylight hours, and festivals

Autumn (October - November)

Beautiful fall foliage, milder temperatures, and opportunities for hiking and cultural experiences

Winter (December - March)

Great for winter sports, such as skiing and snowboarding, as well as experiencing traditional winter festivities

Kazakhstan at Night

The nightlife in Kazakhstan offers a vibrant and diverse experience, catering to a wide array of tastes and preferences. Major cities like Almaty and Nur-Sultan (formerly Astana) serve as the epicenters of nocturnal activities, boasting a dynamic mix of venues. Almaty, often considered the cultural hub, comes alive after dark. The city is teeming with trendy bars, stylish lounges, energetic nightclubs, and cultural performance spaces. Popular districts such as Dostyk Avenue and Panfilov Street are packed with hotspots where both locals and visitors can unwind and socialize. From live jazz performances and DJ sets to traditional Kazakh music, the entertainment options are extensive. In Nur-Sultan, the nightlife exudes a more modern and cosmopolitan vibe. The futuristic skyline of the city makes for an impressive backdrop as the evening progresses. High-end clubs, rooftop bars, and chic cafes proliferate, offering everything from electronic dance music to sophisticated cocktails. The left bank of the Ishim River is particularly renowned for its array of evening venues, combining riverside views with bustling activity. For those seeking a more relaxed experience, there are numerous teahouses and lounges where patrons can enjoy a quieter ambiance. Additionally, Kazakhstan's unique cultural heritage is often showcased in various venues, blending traditional elements with modern influences to create a distinctive nocturnal atmosphere. Overall, the nightlife in Kazakhstan is an eclectic mix of old and new, providing myriad opportunities to explore and enjoy the country's rich cultural tapestry after dark.

Hiking in Kazakhstan

Immerse in an unforgettable hike.

Charyn Canyon

A stunning natural formation known for its vibrant red rock formations and unique landscapes. It offers a variety of hiking trails with breathtaking views.

Altyn Emel National Park

Famous for its diverse wildlife and scenic beauty, Altyn Emel has many trails that lead through deserts, mountains, and along the Ili River.

Big Almaty Lake

A picturesque alpine lake located in the mountains near Almaty, offering various hiking routes with views of the lake and surrounding peaks.

Bukreev Mountain

A popular hiking destination providing trails that are suitable for various skill levels, with options for stunning panoramic views.

Kolsai Lakes

Known as the 'Pearls of the Northern Tien Shan', this stunning group of lakes offers various trails for hikers to explore the pristine landscape.

Tamgaly Tas

A UNESCO World Heritage site featuring ancient petroglyphs, this area offers both cultural interest and walking trails in scenic surroundings.

Jungar Alatau National Park

A remote park famous for its diverse ecosystems and rugged mountainous terrain, featuring numerous trails for adventure seekers.

Unforgettable Journeys

Delve deeper into Kazakhstan through these rare and unique activities.

Airports

How to reach Kazakhstan by plane.

Almaty International Airport (ALA)

The largest and busiest airport in Kazakhstan, located in Almaty.

Nursultan Nazarbayev International Airport (NQZ)

The primary international airport serving the capital city of Kazakhstan, Nur-Sultan.

Atyrau Airport (GUW)

An international airport that serves the city of Atyrau, a key region for oil and gas.

Karaganda Airport (KGF)

An international airport located in Karaganda, providing service to the central region of Kazakhstan.

Aktobe Airport (AKX)

An international airport serving the city of Aktobe in western Kazakhstan.

Oskemen Airport (UKK)

Also known as Ust-Kamenogorsk Airport, it serves the eastern city of Oskemen.

Pavlodar Airport (PWQ)

An international airport in the city of Pavlodar, important for the northern region.

Shymkent International Airport (CIT)

Serves the city of Shymkent and the southern region of Kazakhstan.

Walkability

Walkability in Central Asia varies significantly by region, but in many urban centers, infrastructure and urban planning may not prioritize pedestrians. Key cities like Almaty and Nur-Sultan (formerly Astana) have made some progress towards improving walkability through pedestrian zones, improved sidewalks, and public spaces. However, several factors still influence the overall walkability in these areas. Road safety can be a concern, as traffic tends to be heavy, and pedestrian crossings may be inadequately marked. Public transportation options exist but can be inconsistent, often leading people to rely on personal vehicles. In suburban and rural areas, walkability decreases significantly due to a lack of sidewalks and amenities. Rising urban development initiatives are progressively addressing these challenges, incorporating parks, pedestrian pathways, and bike lanes to create more walkable environments. Nonetheless, the overall commitment to enhancing walkability remains a work in progress, influenced by economic, cultural, and logistical factors.

Demographics

Explore demographics in this area.

Ethnic Kazakhs

The largest ethnic group in Kazakhstan, making up about 20% of the population.

Russians

The second largest ethnic group, comprising around 20% of the population.

Uzbeks

A significant ethnic minority in Kazakhstan, constituting about 3% of the population.

Uighurs

A smaller community, making up approximately 1-2% of the total population.

Tatar

Another notable ethnic group, representing around 1-2% of the population.

Other Ethnic Groups

Include Ukrainians, Belarusians, Koreans, and others, making up the remaining demographic.

The Soul of Kazakhstan

Discover the essence of Kazakhstan through these truly unique experiences.

Popular Sports

Explore popular sports in region.

Football

Football is one of the most popular sports in Kazakhstan, with many local clubs and a national league.

Hockey

Ice hockey is widely followed in Kazakhstan, with a strong presence in international tournaments.

Kazakh Wrestling

Traditional Kazakh wrestling, known as 'Kyz Kuu', holds cultural significance and is a key sport in the country.

Basketball

Basketball has been growing in popularity, with a national league and participation in international competitions.

Athletics

Track and field events are popular, with Kazakh athletes often competing in regional and international championships.

Cycling

Cycling has gained popularity, with Kazakhstan hosting various cycling events and having notable cyclists.

Ice Skating

Ice skating, including figure skating and speed skating, is popular, especially during winter sports seasons.

Volleyball

Volleyball is a popular sport at both the grassroots level and in professional leagues in Kazakhstan.

Traffic

Traffic in the country is characterized by a few key features. Major cities like Almaty and Nur-Sultan (formerly Astana) experience heavy congestion, especially during peak hours, as a growing population and increasing vehicle ownership contribute to road bottlenecks. Many drivers navigate the streets without strict adherence to traffic rules, which can lead to chaotic conditions. The road infrastructure varies significantly; while urban areas have modern highways and thoroughfares, rural regions often deal with poorly maintained roads that can be challenging to traverse, especially in adverse weather conditions. Additionally, road conditions can deteriorate in winter when snow and ice impact driving safety. Public transportation options exist, including buses and marshrutkas (shared taxis), which are widely used, but they can be crowded and not always reliable. In response to the increasing traffic issues, local governments have been investing in urban transportation projects to improve traffic flow and public transit efficiency, aiming to alleviate congestion and enhance road safety.

Dietary Restrictions

Tips for restricted diets.

Vegetarian and Vegan Options

While traditional Kazakh cuisine is meat-centric, modern restaurants and cafes in cities like Almaty and Nur-Sultan offer an increasing number of vegetarian and vegan dishes, often incorporating local produce and flavors.

Gluten-Free Options

Visitors with gluten sensitivities can find accommodating options in upscale restaurants and cafes, with gluten-free variations of traditional dishes and globally-inspired cuisine becoming more accessible.

Cultural Immersions

Experience the heart and soul of Kazakhstan with these cultural adventures.

Healthcare

The healthcare system in Kazakhstan is a structured but evolving entity that aims to provide comprehensive medical services to its population. Following independence from the Soviet Union in the early 1990s, the nation undertook significant reforms to transition from a centralized Soviet-style healthcare model to a more diversified and modern system. Healthcare services are primarily funded through a mix of government financing, social insurance, and private payments. The government plays a crucial role in the healthcare sector, especially in providing essential services, funding medical facilities, and ensuring that basic healthcare is accessible to all citizens. One of the key aspects of Kazakhstan’s healthcare system is the introduction of the Mandatory Social Health Insurance (MSHI) program, which was implemented to improve the quality of healthcare and expand access to medical services. This program obligates employers and employees to contribute to the system, thus enhancing funding for public health services. In terms of infrastructure, Kazakhstan has been working on improving its medical facilities, with investments aimed at modernizing hospitals and clinics, particularly in rural areas. Urban centers, such as Almaty and Nur-Sultan (formerly Astana), typically have better access to a wide range of healthcare services, including specialized care. Despite these advancements, challenges remain. Issues such as regional disparities in healthcare access, variations in the quality of services, and the need for a more robust primary care system have been identified. Public health initiatives and preventative healthcare measures have also been prioritized to address these challenges, focusing on issues like maternal and child health, communicable diseases, and the increasing burden of non-communicable diseases. In summary, the healthcare system is characterized by ongoing reform efforts, a blend of public and private funding, and a commitment to improving health outcomes for all citizens, while grappling with the complexities of modern healthcare challenges.

Accomodations

Find the best place to stay when visiting Kazakhstan.