Things To Do
in Turkey

Turkey is a transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with a smaller portion on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeastern Europe. It is known for its rich cultural heritage, encompassing influences from the Byzantine, Roman, Ottoman, and other civilizations, which is evident in its diverse architecture, cuisine, and traditions.

Turkey's unique geography offers a variety of landscapes ranging from the bustling city of Istanbul, which straddles two continents, to the fairy chimneys of Cappadocia, the stunning beaches of the Aegean and Mediterranean coasts, and the rugged mountains of the eastern region.

  • "Merhaba" - Hello
  • "Teşekkür ederim" - Thank you
  • "Lütfen" - Please
  • "Evet" - Yes
  • "Hayır" - No

Prices

  • 🏠 Accommodation (per night): $30 - $150
  • 🍽️ Meal at a Restaurant: $5 - $25
  • Coffee: $1 - $5
  • 🚌 Public transport ticket (single journey): $0.50 - $2
  • 🛒 Grocery shopping (per week): $20 - $70
  • 🏋️‍♂️ Gym Membership: $10 - $30

Day Trips

Spend a day exploring around

day 1
Explore Istanbul
morning
:

Start your day with a visit to the iconic Hagia Sophia, marveling at its stunning architecture. Afterward, stroll through the historic Sultanahmet Square.

afternoon
:

Visit the magnificent Topkapi Palace and explore its rich history and beautiful gardens. Don’t forget to stop by the Grand Bazaar for shopping and local delicacies.

evening
:

Enjoy a traditional Turkish dinner in a local restaurant, savoring dishes like kebabs and baklava. End your evening with a relaxing walk along the Bosphorus.

day 2
Discover Cappadocia
morning
:

Take an early morning hot air balloon ride over the unique landscapes of Cappadocia for breathtaking views. After landing, enjoy a celebratory champagne toast.

afternoon
:

Explore the Göreme Open-Air Museum, where ancient rock-cut churches await your discovery. Later, visit a pottery workshop in Avanos to see traditional techniques.

evening
:

Dine at a cave restaurant to experience the local flavors. End your day by watching the sunset over the fairy chimneys.

Strengths and Weaknesses

  • Rich cultural heritage and history
  • Diverse landscapes and beautiful scenery
  • Strategic location bridging Europe and Asia
  • Delicious and varied cuisine
  • Warm hospitality of the people
  • Affordable cost of living compared to many Western countries
  • Vibrant cities with lively markets and nightlife
  • Political instability and concerns about democracy
  • Economic challenges and inflation
  • Traffic congestion in major cities like Istanbul
  • Limited access to certain freedoms and expressions
  • Environmental issues, including pollution in urban areas
  • Healthcare system can be variable in quality
  • Regional tensions with neighboring countries

Best Activities in Turkey

Outdoor fun you shouldn't miss!

Hiking in the Taurus Mountains

Explore the scenic trails and stunning landscapes of the Taurus Mountains while enjoying a range of hiking options for all levels of experience.

Hot Air Ballooning in Cappadocia

Experience the breathtaking beauty of Cappadocia from a unique perspective by taking a hot air balloon ride over the otherworldly rock formations and fairy chimneys.

Paragliding in Ölüdeniz

Soar over the beautiful Blue Lagoon and mesmerizing coastline of Ölüdeniz on a thrilling paragliding adventure that offers incredible aerial views.

Sea Kayaking along the Turquoise Coast

Embark on a sea kayaking expedition along the stunning Turquoise Coast, exploring hidden coves, crystal-clear waters, and ancient ruins.

Rock Climbing in Geyikbayırı

Challenge yourself on the world-class limestone cliffs of Geyikbayırı, a premier rock climbing destination in Turkey offering a variety of routes for all skill levels.

Tours

Uncover the best of Turkey with these unforgettable tours.

Places to Visit in Turkey

Visit one of these nice places.

Pamukkale

Famous for its travertine terraces and hot springs, offering stunning panoramic views.

Cappadocia

Known for its unique rock formations and hot air balloon rides, providing breathtaking aerial views.

Ephesus

Home to ancient ruins and historical sites, offering picturesque settings for photography.

Food in Turkey

Turkish cuisine is a rich tapestry of flavors, influenced by the Mediterranean, Middle Eastern, and Central Asian cooking traditions. It is known for its use of fresh herbs, spices, and grilled meats, as well as a wide variety of mezes (appetizers) and desserts.

Turkey Famous Food

Signature dishes, delicacies and famous food

Köfte

Minced meat patties seasoned with various spices and herbs, grilled to perfection. Best enjoyed at local kebab houses and restaurants like Tarihi Asrin Bolulu Hasan Usta in Istanbul.

Must-Try!

Manti

Small dumplings filled with spiced meat or cheese, topped with yogurt and garlic-infused tomato sauce. A must-try at Ciya Sofrasi in Istanbul.

Baklava

Filo pastry layered with nuts and honey or syrup, creating a sweet, indulgent dessert. Sample the best at Karaköy Güllüoğlu in Istanbul.

Unique Experiences

Get to know Turkey better with these unique experiences.

Food Markets

Explore local food markets

Istanbul Street Food

Explore the bustling streets of Istanbul to find delectable street food like simit (sesame-encrusted bread rings), balik ekmek (grilled fish sandwiches), and midye dolma (stuffed mussels) near the Galata Bridge.

Kadikoy Food Market

Head to Kadikoy to experience a vibrant food market offering a wide array of fresh produce, spices, and delectable street food such as lahmacun (thin, crispy pizza-like dish) and döner kebab.

Weather

The climate in Turkey varies significantly across different regions due to its diverse geography. Generally, it can be classified into several distinct zones: 1. **Mediterranean Climate**: This climate is predominant along the southern and western coasts, where summers are hot and dry, and winters are mild and wetter. Cities like Antalya and Izmir experience this climate, characterized by warm temperatures and sunshine, making these areas popular tourist destinations. 2. **Continental Climate**: In the interior parts, especially in places like Ankara and Central Anatolia, a continental climate prevails. This means hot, dry summers and cold, snowy winters. Temperature fluctuations can be quite pronounced. 3. **Oceanic Climate**: The northwestern region, particularly near the Black Sea coast, experiences an oceanic climate. Here, the summers are cooler and the winters are milder than in the continental areas. Rainfall is abundant, especially in the summer and autumn months, contributing to the lush greenery of this region. 4. **Semi-arid Climate**: In some areas of Central Anatolia, there is a semi-arid climate where annual precipitation is low, leading to dry conditions. This affects agriculture and vegetation in these regions. 5. **Mountain Climate**: In the mountainous regions, such as the Eastern Anatolia, the climate can vary greatly with altitude. Higher elevations experience colder temperatures and more snowfall in winter, while valleys might have milder conditions. These climatic zones influence the ecology, agriculture, and lifestyle of the inhabitants, contributing to the country's rich biodiversity and cultural diversity.

How to Behave

Tips on cultural norms and respectful behavior

Respect for elders

Respecting elders is a significant cultural norm in Turkey. It is important to address older individuals with proper titles and show deference towards them.

Hospitality

Hospitality is highly valued in Turkish culture. When visiting someone's home, it is customary to bring a small gift and remove your shoes before entering.

Polite language

Using polite language and showing courtesy in interactions is important in Turkish culture. It is common to use formal language and titles when addressing others, especially in professional or formal settings.

Hidden Gems

Discover the hidden gems of Turkey with these exclusive activities.

Safety

Safety in the country can vary widely depending on the region and the current political and social climate. Major cities, such as Istanbul and Ankara, generally have a visible police presence and are popular tourist destinations, which often makes them relatively safe for visitors. However, petty crimes like pickpocketing can occur, especially in crowded areas and tourist hotspots. Travelers should remain vigilant, avoid isolated areas after dark, and keep an eye on local news for any updates regarding demonstrations or civil unrest, as these can occasionally happen. Certain regions, particularly those close to borders or areas affected by past conflicts, may present risks, and it's essential to stay informed about travel advisories. Health and natural disaster preparedness are also important; although medical facilities are available in major cities, it’s advisable to have travel insurance that covers health issues. Taking standard precautions, staying in well-reviewed accommodations, and being aware of the local laws and customs can enhance personal safety while traveling. Ultimately, being informed and cautious can significantly contribute to a safe and enjoyable experience when visiting the country.

Tipping in Turkey

Ensure a smooth experience

Tipping

Tipping is generally practiced in Turkey, especially in restaurants, cafes, and for services such as hairdressing and taxi rides. It is customary to leave a tip of around 5-10% of the total bill.

Payment

In Turkey, cash is widely used for transactions, although credit and debit cards are also accepted in many establishments. Contactless payment methods are becoming increasingly popular, and mobile payment apps are also gaining traction.

Top Things To Do

Engage in these activities to dive deeper into Turkey.

Best Time to Visit

And what to expect in different seasons...

Spring (April to June)

Best time to visit with mild weather, blooming flowers, and fewer crowds.

Summer (July to August)

Peak tourist season with hot weather, crowded beaches, and lively atmosphere.

Autumn (September to November)

Mild weather, fewer tourists, and ideal for exploring historical sites.

Winter (December to March)

Cold weather, fewer tourists, and perfect for skiing in the mountainous regions.

Turkey at Night

Nightlife in Turkey is a vibrant and diverse experience, with each city offering its unique charm and flair. Istanbul, the largest city, boasts a mix of modern nightclubs, historical meyhanes (traditional Turkish taverns), and chic rooftop bars that provide stunning views of the Bosphorus. Popular neighborhoods like Beyoğlu, Karaköy, and Kadıköy are packed with venues that come alive after dark, offering everything from live music to DJ sets. In Ankara, the capital city, nightlife caters to a more laid-back crowd with trendy bars, cozy cafes, and cultural hotspots. The districts of Kızılay and Tunali Hilmi are well-known for their vibrant scenes, featuring establishments where locals and tourists alike gather to enjoy music, dance, and socialize. Coastal cities such as İzmir and Antalya also have their distinct nightlife ambiance. İzmir, known for its liberal atmosphere, offers beach clubs, trendy lounges, and vibrant street parties, especially in areas like Alsancak and Konak. Antalya, being a tourist hotspot, is famous for its beachside discos, luxury resorts, and the lively Old Town (Kaleiçi), where historical streets turn into bustling nightlife havens during summer. Smaller towns and tourist destinations, such as Bodrum and Marmaris, are renowned for their energetic nightlife during the tourist season. These places host international DJs, beach parties, and exclusive clubs, attracting visitors looking for both relaxation and high-energy entertainment. Regardless of the location, Turkish nightlife often includes elements of the local culture, such as traditional music, folk dances, and a rich culinary experience featuring kebabs, mezes, and rakı, the national anise-flavored spirit. Whether you're into high-energy clubs, scenic bars, or cultural experiences, Turkey offers a myriad of options to suit every taste.

Hiking in Turkey

Immerse in an unforgettable hike.

Uludağ National Park

Located in Bursa, Uludağ National Park offers various hiking trails with stunning views of the mountains and forests, popular for both summer and winter activities.

Kaçkar Mountains National Park

This national park in the Eastern Black Sea region is known for its stunning landscapes, and trails that lead to breathtaking views, including glacial lakes and rich biodiversity.

Göreme National Park

Famous for its unique rock formations and fairy chimneys, this UNESCO World Heritage site in Cappadocia offers various hiking paths through captivating landscapes.

Olympos-Beydağları National Park

Located in Antalya, this park features hiking trails that pass through ancient ruins and stunning coastal views, as well as diverse flora and fauna.

Babadağ Mountain

Near Fethiye, Babadağ offers hiking trails that provide panoramic views over the Mediterranean coast, famous for its paragliding opportunities.

Aladağlar National Park

Located in the Niğde Province, this park is ideal for trekking and climbing, featuring rugged terrain and several high peaks.

Kazdağları National Park

This park, known for its rich biodiversity and beautiful forested areas, offers numerous trails ideal for hiking and exploring nature.

Saklıkent National Park

Located in Muğla, this area is famous for its deep gorge and hiking trails that explore the natural beauty of the region, including waterfalls and endemic plants.

Unforgettable Journeys

Delve deeper into Turkey through these rare and unique activities.

Airports

How to reach Turkey by plane.

Istanbul Airport (IST)

The largest airport in Turkey, located in Istanbul.

Sabiha Gökçen International Airport (SAW)

An international airport located on the Asian side of Istanbul.

Antalya Airport (AYT)

A major international airport serving the city of Antalya and the surrounding region.

Adnan Menderes Airport (ADB)

An international airport located near Izmir, serving the Aegean region.

Murted Airfield (ANK)

Located near Ankara, it serves both civilian and military flights.

Bodrum-Milas Airport (BJV)

An airport serving the tourism-centric region of Bodrum and Milas.

Dalaman Airport (DLM)

An international airport serving southwestern Turkey and the popular tourist destination of Fethiye.

Çorlu Airport (TEQ)

A smaller international airport located near Tekirdağ.

Gaziantep Airport (GZT)

Located in the southeastern part of Turkey, serving Gaziantep and surrounding areas.

Erzurum Airport (ERZ)

An international airport serving the city of Erzurum in eastern Turkey.

Walkability

Walkability refers to how friendly an area is to walking, encompassing features such as the design of streets, the availability of pedestrian pathways, safety, and accessibility to amenities. In many urban areas throughout the country, walkability varies significantly. Cities like Istanbul, with its rich history and vibrant neighborhoods, often encourage walking through their bustling streets filled with shops, markets, and cultural sites. The historical fabric of areas such as Sultanahmet or Kadıköy can make walking a pleasurable experience, though the crowds and uneven sidewalks can pose challenges. However, other urban areas across the country may prioritize vehicle traffic over pedestrian pathways, leading to environments where walking isn't as safe or convenient. In some instances, residential areas may lack sufficient sidewalks, crosswalks, and necessary infrastructure for pedestrians. Regions with more modern urban planning, particularly in newer developments, sometimes incorporate pedestrian-friendly features, including green spaces and designed pathways that connect residential areas to commercial hubs. Overall, walkability in various Turkish cities can present a mixed experience influenced by local urban design, infrastructure investments, and cultural attitudes towards walking as a mode of transportation.

Demographics

Explore demographics in this area.

Turks

The majority ethnic group in Turkey, comprising about 70-75% of the population.

Kurdish

The largest minority group in Turkey, constituting approximately 15-20% of the population.

Arabs

A minority group mainly located in southeastern Turkey, making up about 1-2% of the population.

Zazaki

An ethnic group primarily found in eastern Turkey, closely related to the Kurdish population.

Circassians

An ethnic group descended from the North Caucasus, estimated to be around 1-2% of the population.

Greeks

Historically significant minority, particularly in Istanbul and Izmir, now making up a very small percentage.

Armenians

Another historically significant minority, primarily concentrated in Istanbul, now a small fraction of the population.

Jews

A small community that has existed in Turkey for centuries, primarily in Istanbul.

Laz

An ethnic group found mainly in the Black Sea region of Turkey, largely considered to be part of the larger Turkish population.

Gürcü

Georgians living in Turkey, primarily in the northeastern regions.

The Soul of Turkey

Discover the essence of Turkey through these truly unique experiences.

Popular Sports

Explore popular sports in region.

Football

Football is the most popular sport in Turkey, with a rich history and a massive following. The Turkish Super League features well-known clubs like Galatasaray, Fenerbahçe, and Beşiktaş.

Basketball

Basketball has surged in popularity in recent years, with Turkish teams achieving success in European competitions. The national team also has a strong following.

Volleyball

Volleyball, particularly women's volleyball, has a prominent presence in Turkey with successful national teams and clubs competing in international leagues.

Wrestling

Wrestling has a long historical significance in Turkey, with traditional styles such as yağlı güreş (oil wrestling) being a celebrated cultural sport.

Tennis

Tennis is growing in popularity in Turkey, with several professional tournaments and an increasing number of players competing at international levels.

Motorsports

Motorsports, particularly motorcycle racing and Formula 1, have gained attention, especially with events like the Istanbul Park circuit hosting Grand Prix races.

Cycling

Cycling is popular for both leisure and competitive sports, with events like the Presidential Cycling Tour of Turkey raising its profile.

Traffic

Traffic in the country can be quite congested, especially in urban areas such as Istanbul, Ankara, and Izmir. Major cities experience heavy vehicular traffic, particularly during rush hours when commuters are on the move. The road infrastructure includes a mix of modern highways and older, narrower streets, which can create challenges for vehicle flow. Public transportation systems are widely used, consisting of buses, trams, subways, and ferries. Istanbul, for instance, has an extensive network that helps alleviate some of the traffic stress, but it remains a challenge due to the city's large population and geographical layout. Rural areas generally have less traffic, typically featuring more open roads. However, the increasing vehicle ownership rate has begun to put pressure on smaller roads as well. Additionally, drivers often face issues such as parking shortages and occasional erratic driving behavior, which can complicate the traffic situation. Overall, while infrastructure improvements are ongoing, managing traffic remains a critical issue, particularly in bustling metropolitan regions.

Dietary Restrictions

Tips for restricted diets.

Vegetarian and Vegan Options

While Turkish cuisine heavily features meats, many restaurants offer vegetarian and vegan-friendly dishes like mercimek köftesi (red lentil kofte) and freshly made dolmas (stuffed vegetables). Look for 'etsiz' (meatless) options on menus.

Gluten-Free Dining

Dishes like grilled meats, mezes, and rice-based pilafs are inherently gluten-free. However, those with gluten intolerance should communicate their needs clearly, as wheat-based ingredients are common in Turkish cuisine.

Cultural Immersions

Experience the heart and soul of Turkey with these cultural adventures.

Healthcare

Healthcare in Turkey is a multi-faceted system that has undergone significant reforms over the past few decades, transitioning from a primarily state-centric model to a more diversified system that includes private sector involvement. The Turkish healthcare system is primarily organized under the Ministry of Health, which oversees public healthcare services. The country has a universal healthcare system, meaning that healthcare services are intended to be accessible to all citizens. This system is funded through a mix of government funding, social security contributions, and a variety of healthcare insurance plans. There are several components to the Turkish healthcare system: 1. **Public Healthcare**: Public hospitals and clinics provide the majority of healthcare services. These institutions offer a wide range of services, from primary care to specialized treatments. Public healthcare facilities are often overburdened, which can lead to longer wait times for patients. 2. **Private Healthcare**: The private healthcare sector has expanded significantly in recent years, with many private hospitals and clinics offering high-quality services. Patients often choose private facilities for shorter wait times, better amenities, and more personalized care. Private health insurance is also available and is commonly used among those who can afford it. 3. **Health Insurance**: The Social Security Institution (SGK) provides a basic health insurance scheme for workers, which covers a significant portion of the population. However, many people also purchase private health insurance for more comprehensive coverage or quicker access to services. 4. **Healthcare Reforms**: In the 2000s, Turkey implemented major reforms aimed at improving the efficiency and quality of healthcare services. These reforms included the introduction of Health Practice Guidelines, an increase in the number of private healthcare facilities, and efforts to enhance the quality of public hospitals. 5. **Challenges**: Despite improvements, the healthcare system faces several challenges, such as regional disparities in access and quality of care, a high patient-to-doctor ratio, and issues related to healthcare financing and sustainability. Rural areas in particular may struggle with adequate access to healthcare services. 6. **Pharmaceuticals and Treatments**: The pharmaceutical sector is regulated, with the government overseeing the approval and pricing of medications. Access to essential medicines has improved, but there can be variability in drug availability across regions. Overall, while healthcare in Turkey has made significant strides in terms of accessibility and quality, ongoing challenges necessitate continued reforms and investments to ensure that all citizens receive equitable and adequate healthcare services.

Accomodations

Find the best place to stay when visiting Turkey.