Things To Do
in Erzurum

Erzurum is a high-altitude city in eastern Anatolia with a deep historical layer shaped by Seljuk and Ottoman eras. Its fortress and stone mosques sit alongside bustling markets and a lively university culture. The city is a gateway to dramatic snowy landscapes, warm hospitality, and hearty, warming cuisine.

With centuries of history and a resilient, welcoming spirit, Erzurum blends ancient heritage with a youthful energy.

Day Trips

Spend a day exploring around

day 1
Exploring Historic Center
morning
:

Start your day with a visit to the iconic Çifte Minareli Medrese, where the intricate stonework will leave you in awe. Stroll through the bustling streets of Erzurum's historic center, absorbing the local atmosphere and architecture. Don’t forget to stop by the nearby Erzurum Castle for a panoramic view of the city.

afternoon
:

After lunch at a local pide restaurant, explore the Erzurum Archaeological Museum, which houses fascinating artifacts from the region's rich history. Next, visit the Ulu Mosque, a stunning example of Seljuk architecture that dates back to the 12th century. As you wander, take time to appreciate the local shops selling handmade goods and traditional crafts.

evening
:

As night falls, enjoy a traditional Turkish dinner at a local restaurant, sampling regional dishes such as cağ kebabı. After dinner, take a leisurely walk in the city center, where you can enjoy the ambiance and perhaps grab some Turkish tea or coffee. End your day by watching the sunset over the city from a scenic viewpoint.

day 2
Cultural Immersion in Local Markets
morning
:

Begin your day at the Erzurum Bazaar, where the vibrant colors and aromas of local produce and spices create an immersive experience. Engage with local vendors, sampling fresh fruits and traditional snacks as you explore the stalls. The bustling atmosphere will provide a perfect introduction to the local culture.

afternoon
:

After browsing the market, visit the nearby Taşmağazalar, a historical bazaar where you can find unique handcrafted items and souvenirs. Enjoy lunch at a local eatery, indulging in regional specialties while chatting with the friendly locals. Spend the afternoon learning about Erzurum's rich culinary traditions through a cooking class at a local chef's home.

evening
:

As the evening approaches, savor the delicious meal you prepared during the cooking class. Share stories and laughter with your host and fellow participants, making for a memorable dining experience. Conclude the evening with a stroll through the city, perhaps stopping for a dessert of künefe, a local sweet treat.

Cost Guide

Prices

ItemPrice
🍔Meal at inexpensive restaurant$5-8
Coffee or tea$1-2
🚌Public transport ticket$0.5-1
🍽️Meal at mid-range restaurant$10-18
🚖Taxi ride (short distance)$3-6

Strengths and Weaknesses

  • Rich history and architectural variety
  • Easy access to dramatic winter landscapes and skiing
  • Warm hospitality and hearty local cuisine
  • Compact city center with walkable historic core
  • Limited nightlife compared to coastal cities
  • Very cold winters may be challenging for some travelers
  • "Merhaba" - Hello
  • "Teşekkür ederim" - Thank you
  • "Nasılsınız?" - How are you?
  • "Burası nerede?" - Where is this place?
  • "Ne kadar?" - How much?

Places to Visit in Erzurum

Visit one of these nice places.

Erzurum Kalesi (Castle)

Old fortress walls perched above the city provide sweeping panoramic views, especially striking at sunrise or sunset.

Çifte Minareli Medrese

A striking example of Seljuk architecture with dual minarets and intricate stonework, perfect for architectural photography.

Üç Kümbetler (Three Tombs)

Three Seljuk-era tombs in a compact complex; the surrounding landscape and stone-carved facades make dramatic shots.

Piazza and Historic Streets

Narrow, cobbled streets and traditional storefronts offer color and texture for street photography, especially in the morning light.

Culinary Guide

Food in Erzurum

Erzurum’s food is robust and warming, built for cold days with lamb, yogurt-based sauces, and plenty of bread. The cuisine emphasizes hearty flavors, slow-cooked stews, and distinctive kebabs, making tea houses and traditional taverns ideal places to linger and sample local specialties.

Erzurum Famous Food

Signature dishes, delicacies and famous food

Cağ Kebabı

A signature Erzurum lamb kebab cooked on a horizontal skewer, traditionally served with lavash bread and grilled vegetables.

Must-Try!

Ayran and Local Yogurt-Based Dishes

Creamy, salted yogurt drinks and yogurt-based side dishes that pair well with meat dishes.

Kavut (Mastic Pudding) and Sweet Bakes

Traditional desserts and bread-like treats commonly enjoyed with tea after meals.

Food Markets

Explore local food markets

Pazaryeri (Grand Bazaar)

A bustling market district where you can try regional breads, dried herbs, nuts, and sweets while bargaining with local vendors.

Street Food Stalls

Simple bites, hot soups, and kebabs kept warm in portable grills; perfect for a quick taste of Erzurum on the go.

Climate Guide

Weather

Erzurum has a high-altitude, continental climate with long, snowy winters and short, warm summers. Winter temperatures frequently drop below freezing, while summer days can be hot but evenings remain cool. Spring and autumn are transitional, with variable conditions and a mix of sunny and rainy days. Overall, expect significant seasonal shifts and prepare accordingly.

How to Behave

Tips on cultural norms and respectful behavior

Greetings

A firm handshake and eye contact are common. Use polite titles when addressing people; a brief nod or smile is appreciated in casual encounters.

Dress and Behavior

Dress modestly in religious sites and avoid overly revealing clothing. Public displays of affection are generally discreet in conservative areas.

Hospitality

Express gratitude for hospitality; offering tea is a common gesture and declining repeatedly can be considered rude in some contexts.

Safety Guide

Safety

Erzurum is generally safe for travelers, though standard precautions apply: watch belongings in crowded markets, be cautious on ice during winter, and stay aware of weather-driven road conditions. Use reputable taxi services and one-off guides when visiting remote natural areas. Always carry emergency contacts and have travel insurance that covers winter activities.

Tipping in Erzurum

Ensure a smooth experience

Tipping Etiquette

Tipping is common but not obligatory; in sit-down restaurants a 5-10% tip is appreciated if service is good. In cafés and markets, small tips (1-2 liras) are typical for quick service.

Payment Methods

Turkish Lira is widely used; credit and debit cards are accepted in most hotels, larger restaurants, and shops, but some markets and smaller eateries may be cash-only.

Best Time to Visit

And what to expect in different seasons...

Spring

Mild days with fresh greenery and fewer crowds; occasional rain. Light layers and a compact umbrella are handy for daytime exploration.

Summer

Warm to hot days with cooler evenings; low humidity. Pack breathable clothing, sun protection, and comfortable walking shoes.

Autumn

Crisp air with changing foliage; carries occasional rain. Layered clothing is key and mornings can be chilly.

Winter

Very cold with heavy snowfall common; ideal for skiing at Palandöken. Dress in multiple warm layers, waterproof outerwear, and sturdy boots.

Nightlife Guide

Erzurum at Night

Erzurum’s nightlife is generally laid-back, centered around tea houses, cafes, and small bars. After-dark scenes focus on socializing with friends and enjoying evenings in university areas, with live music sometimes available in select venues. Expect a relaxed pace and plenty of opportunities to savor traditional teas, kebabs, and desserts in a convivial atmosphere.

Hiking in Erzurum

Immerse in an unforgettable hike.

Narman Fairy Chimneys

A striking field of cone-like rock formations a short drive from Erzurum, offering dramatic landscapes and sunset photography.

Tortum Canyon

A breathtaking canyon with a waterfall and viewpoints ideal for hikers and photographers seeking natural scenery.

Airports

How to reach Erzurum by plane.

Erzurum Airport (ERZ)

Main airport serving Erzurum with domestic flights and some international connections; roughly a short drive from the city center.

Getting Around

Walkability

The historic core is compact and walkable with cobbled streets in the old town. Some hills require effort, and transportation by taxi or dolmuş is convenient for steeper routes or late evenings.

Demographics

Explore demographics in this area.

Students

A sizeable student population from Cumhuriyet University and other institutions adds youthful energy and demand for affordable dining and entertainment.

Turkish majority

Predominantly Turkish-speaking residents with minority communities contributing to a diverse cultural fabric.

Popular Sports

Explore popular sports in region.

Skiing

Palandöken Ski Resort is a major draw in winter, offering long runs, reliable snow, and family-friendly facilities.

Football

Local football culture is vibrant, with matches and a strong sense of community support for regional teams.

Transportation

Traffic

Traffic is generally light to moderate; main roads can become congested during peak hours. Public transportation includes buses and dolmuş minibuses, with winter driving requiring caution due to snow and ice.

Accomodations

Find the best place to stay when visiting Erzurum.

Dietary Restrictions

Tips for restricted diets.

Vegetarian

Most markets and restaurants offer dairy-based dishes and vegetable stews. Ask for vegetable-based soups and grilled vegetables as mains; beware that many dishes feature meat stock or broths.

Health & Medical

Healthcare

Healthcare facilities include both public and private hospitals. Pharmacy access is widespread, and major facilities offer emergency services; consider international travel insurance for broader coverage.

Discover Turkey

Read more in our Turkey 2025 Travel Guide.

Turkey Travel Guide